Biography of Jorge Chavez

Jorge Chavez was believed to be the nation I was conceived in Peru and was the primary legend who attempted to bounce over the Alps. He smashed on his arrival so he didn't arrive at his objective, yet his mental fortitude and fearlessness was the vital factor in his profession achievement when he lived. Along these lines, in this article we will examine the exhibition in Wes' flight industry and clarify how he is entranced by the avionics business. Jorge Chavez was conceived in Paris, Jorge Chavez Dartnell was conceived in Paris, France on thirteenth June 1887. Cesar Chavez Cesar Chavez was conceived in an unassuming community close to Yuma, Arizona on March 31, 1927. Cesar was conceived in a to some degree poor family. Cesar experienced childhood in Arizona and lived with her folks at a little ranch house (United Farm Workers 1). - Over the years, people have demonstrated that they can have any kind of effect. Individuals committed to the reason are raised with respect, trustworthiness, and fearlessness. Cesar Chavez is such an individual. He speaks to individuals, rises above their own needs, and addresses the issues of individuals. Cesar Chavez says the best free structure has the most noteworthy control. He lives as indicated by this norm and battles opportunity with the most noteworthy poise and character. He frequently winds up on an inappropriate side of dynamic. A provocative new history on 'Cesar Chavez Crusade' (Bloomsbury), Miriam Pavel Reevaluated with a Grunge Chavez's Legacy For some years, the fundamental talk of Chavez's work has been profoundly commended for this reason, profoundly reflective It was a portrayal by author Jack E. Levi. Previous correspondent Pawell of the Los Angeles Times fixed a task that studded stars. Her past work, Alliance they had always wanted (2009) investigated co-ranch laborers by concentrating on their officeholder orders. In the wake of conversing with individuals who helped manufacture the coalition, Pavel basically read a large number of Chavez's activities. Jorge Chavez was believed to be the nation I was conceived in Peru and was the main saint who attempted to bounce over the Alps. He slammed on his arrival so he didn't arrive at his objective, yet his fearlessness and mental fortitude was the urgent factor in his profession achievement when he lived. Accordingly, in this article we will examine the exhibition in Wes' flying industry and clarify how he is captivated by the aeronautics business. - Obertura Republicana of Carlos Chavez is the political inspiration of the symphony. This work depends on Mexican Indian convention. This work incorporates course of action of customary military motorcade called Zacatecas, well known Sharon Waltz, Cape Verde Club and progressive work Laer derita. In the wake of listening a few times, I should state this is a boisterous, misrepresented, walking, Mexican style voice. For me it is no uncertainty that it is a nation relationship.

Bureaucracyr Organizational Free Essays

As per Max Weber, ‘Bureaucracy’ implies a halfway coordinated, deliberately sorted out and progressively organized staff gave to the ordinary, daily schedule and effective completing of huge scope regulatory errands as indicated by approaches directed by, rulers or executives remaining outside or more the organization. Such a staff, as Weber properly observed, will in general become rule-bound, practically particular, lifting indifference and esprit de corps. However, ‘bureaucracy’ has likewise implied something contrary to authoritative proficiency and powerful incorporated control: formality, gradualness of system, hesitance to take a choice, the pointless augmentation of individuals, rules and structures †an implication accomplished by singling out for consideration troublesome auxiliary highlights or propensities of bureaucratic structures. We will compose a custom exposition test on Bureaucracyr Organizational or then again any comparable subject just for you Request Now The term ‘bureaucracy’ has been remembered for, yet additionally diverged from, the more broad idea of organization. Some of the time this is finished by considering organization to be a formal and generic method of organization, now and then by considering organization to be that type of organization where directors (the administrators, the authorities) have become the genuine rulers, arrogating to themselves benefit, force and control. An Organizational structure characterizes how occupation assignments are officially isolated, gathered and composed. The principle components to consider while planning an authoritative structure are Work Specialization, departmentalization, levels of leadership, length of control, centralization and decentralization and formalization. The most widely recognized Organizational plans found being used are ? Straightforward or Flat structure ? The Bureaucracy ? The Matrix structure ? The Team Structure ? The Virtual Organization ? The Boundaryless Organization The paper talks about the significant favorable circumstances of all the above structures and all are contrasted and administration and the genuine commitment of administration is shown up toward the finish of conversation. At that point the job of administration in improving the proficiency of the association is clarified. The effect of a low level organization is then talked about and its job in proficiency is examined. At that point the effects of significant level organization are examined. At long last, the paper finishes up by expressing that a moderate degree of administration is useful for expanding the proficiency of the association. Points of interest and Disadvantages of different Organizational plans The straightforward structure is described by a low level of departmentalization, wide ranges of control, authority incorporated in a solitary individual, and little formalization. The quality of the straightforward structure lies in its effortlessness. It’s quick, adaptable and cheap to keep up and responsibility is clear. One significant shortcoming is that it is hard to keep up in something besides a little association. The dynamic turns out to be delayed as the association develops in size due to its low formalization and high centralization. An organization is portrayed by exceptionally routine working assignments accomplished through specialization, much formalized standards and guidelines, errands that are assembled into useful offices, brought together position, restricted ranges of control, and dynamic that follows the levels of leadership. The essential quality of administration lies in its capacity to perform normalized exercises in an exceptionally effective way. One of the significant shortcoming of this structure is that it causes departmental clashes and profoundly unyielding continually observing the standards. There is no space for alteration The Matrix structure is portrayed by double lines of power and consolidates item and useful departmentalization. IBM embraces a changed adaptation of the grid structure in its general activities. The quality of this structure lies in its capacity to encourage coordination and proficient distribution of masters. The significant disservice lies in the disarray it makes, its success to cultivate power battles, and the pressure it puts on people. The Team structure utilizes groups as the focal gadget to facilitate work exercises. Organizations like DaimlerChrysler, Saturn, Motorola and Xerox have utilized self-guided groups to improve profitability at the operational level. In littler organizations, the group structure can characterize the whole association. For example, Imedia, a 30 man promoting firm in New Jersey is totally sorted out around groups. This structure is profoundly unacceptable for enormous organizations. A Virtual association is a little center association that out sources significant business capacities. Ancle Hsu and David Ji run a virtual association. Their firm, California based Apex Digital, is one of the world’s biggest makers of DVD Players, yet the organization neither claims a production line nor utilizes an architect. They contract everything out to firms in China. This is reasonable for little and huge associations. The significant bit of leeway is the adaptability and the burden is absence of administrative control in key parts of business. The Boundaryless association is an association that tries to dispense with the levels of leadership, have boundless ranges of control, and supplant divisions with engaged groups. The conversation of different authoritative structures demonstrates the adaptability and versatile nature of different plans contrasted with Bureaucracy. This likewise uncovers much of the time, Bureaucracy is acceptable when the shortcomings of the plans are examined. Job of Bureaucracy in improving the effectiveness of the association The Primary quality of administration lies in assembling like strengths in useful divisions brings about financial matters of scale, least duplication of faculty and types of gear, and representatives who have the chance to talk â€Å" the equivalent language† among their friends. Further more, administration can get by pleasantly with less gifted †and consequently, less exorbitant center and lower level administrators. The inescapability of rules and guidelines substitutes for administrative tact. Normalized activity, combined with high formalization, permit dynamic to be brought together. There is little need along these lines, for inventive and experienced chiefs beneath the degree of senior administrators. This radically reduces expenses for the undertaking and improves the productivity level definitely by getting significant levels of economies of scale and spending less on workers. The organization is proficient just as long as representatives go up against issues that they have recently experienced and for which customized choice principles have just been built up. Effect of a low degree of organization A low degree of administration brings about immense absence of control. Representatives are at their will and dynamic turns into an exceptionally lumbering assignment. There will be a ton of extraordinary requests and the work routine will be path beneath the normal level. This impressively diminishes the proficiency of the association. In extremely uncommon cases, workers assume up liability and accomplish targets. Effect of an elevated level of administration A significant level of organization is profoundly hindering to the development of the association. This makes the representatives to create work frailty and they feel to be consistently observed. Elevated level of organization is described by giving requests and a rationale to follow. There will be a ton of undesirable works and valuable time will be spent in duplication of a similar work in different degrees of the association. This checks development and inventiveness prompting routine occupations and in the long run prompts worker weariness. There will be no kind of a worker contribution in this circumstance. Representatives work for extended periods of time however the yield will be path beneath the gauges and there will be no inspiration systems to help the representatives. This at last outcomes in representative turnover. Along these lines, an elevated level of administration is to be kept away from as it might stimulate the representatives against the administration of the organization. Shortcoming of Bureaucracy One of the significant shortcomings of an organization is represented in the accompanying discourse between four officials in a single organization: â€Å"Ya Know, nothing occurs in this spot until we produce something, â€Å"said the creation official. Wrong remarked the innovative work administrator, â€Å"Nothing occurs until we plan something†. â€Å"What would you say you are discussing? † asked the advertising official. â€Å"Nothing occurs here until we sell something†. At long last, the exasperated bookkeeping director reacted, â€Å"It doesn't make a difference what you produce, plan, or sell. Presently one comprehends what happens we count up the outcomes! † This discussion focuses at the way that specialization makes subunit clashes. Useful unit objectives can supersede the general objectives of association. The other significant shortcoming of an administration is something managing the individuals who work in these associations: over the top worry with adhering to the guidelines. At the point when cases emerge that don't correctly fit the principles, there is no space for change. End Administration is proficient to the association just when a moderate level exists. Both a low degree of organization and an elevated level of administration will bring about the wasteful activity of the undertaking without completely using the assets of the organization. A moderate degree of organization will guarantee that control components are set up and that workers are accomplishing their objectives. This additionally permits the limitation of forcing rules and methods to the representatives and causing weariness. At the point when an immersion point is reached, administration contributes extraordinarily to improving the proficiency of the association to an incredible level. Reference: †¢ Stephen P. Robbins, Organizational Behavior, Tenth Edition, Prentice Hall of India. Pg. 425-446, Pg. 523-535. †¢ Garry Dessler, Human Resource Management, Eastern Economy release. Pg 465-479. †¢ Randy L. Desimone,

Blog Archive Top Five Reasons to Work with an mbaMission Career Coach

Blog Archive Top Five Reasons to Work with an mbaMission Career Coach Are you wondering whether working with a career coach could benefit you and your job search? Check out our top five ways a career coach can help you: 5. You are unhappy in your job (or are getting ready to start business school), but you are uncertain about your career direction. Working together, we can uncover what motivates you in the workplace, craft a list of your essential career components, and draft your brand statement. 4. You have not updated your resume or your LinkedIn profile in more than six months (or you saw a job posting of interest and need to write a cover letter/submit an up-to-date resume), and you do not know where to begin. By sharing best practices, brainstorming experiences to highlight, and editing content, we can help you identify and present your brand to your target audience in a memorable and relevant way. 3. You are terrified of networking, but you know that finding advocates and getting referrals are important parts of your job search. Whether we are helping you to create your pitch, identify target companies and contacts, and draft introductory emails/sample networking questions to ask or are holding you accountable to your goals, we can offer support as you build and execute a networking action plan.   2. You are getting interviews but no offers! We will brainstorm potential questions you might receive during interviews, identify how to strategically address these questions, and help you practice delivering your answers. We also will ensure that during the interview, you are effectively expressing your ability to do the job, your interest in the job, and your fit with the company.     1. You are feeling frustrated with the lack of results in your current job search. By listening carefully and asking probing questions, our career coaches can offer thoughtful insights, personalized advice, and candid feedback on where you could be more effective in your job search. Then together, we can draft a job search plan that includes specific milestones. Of course, we can also help you with other aspects of career management, including the following: Managing the offer process (whether negotiating a job offer or declining one) Building and maintaining your network for the future Excelling in your current role and/or preparing for your next position within the firm Serving as a sounding board or a motivator Our career coaches are excited to partner with you. Together, we can create a structured plan to address any obstacles you are facing in your job search.   Schedule a complimentary 30-minute consultation so we can discuss your job search efforts to date and how we can support your needs! Have you been admitted to business school? If so, do you want to get a head start on defining your career goals? Do you need help preparing for job interviews or learning how to effectively network with your target employers? Or maybe you want to be a top performer in your current role but are unsure how to maximize your potential. Let an mbaMission Career Coach help via a free 30-minute consultation! Share ThisTweet Career Advice

Flawed Method At The Heart Of Scientific Communication

Peer Reviewed Journal Articles -A flawed method at the heart of scientific communication The publication of scientific work lies at the core of scientific communication [1]. Scientists communicate their new research or studies to their audience by publishing their work in scholarly journals and books. Moreover, students of science and other disciplines that are not from the area of expertise and that are unfamiliar with the given topic must be able to trust in the credibility of articles published in journals and books. A common process that controls the high quality of scientific publication is called ‘peer review’, which ensures that the published work has met the specific standards of a given discipline, a process that usually begins†¦show more content†¦A survey conducted by Ware showed that a majority of authors (91%) believed that peer review led to significant improvements in their last published paper [13]. More than half of them agreed that the peer review effectively identified weaknesses and flaws in their manuscript (i.e. scientific errors, language and poor reference) [13]. Peer-reviewed journal articles are credible be cause experts deem the information therein to be error free and unlikely to be wrong. For example, in July 2012, a team of scientists from European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN) announced a discovery of a particle matching the property of Higgs boson predicted by the standard model of physics [14*]. Initially, CERN was unsure whether the newly discovered particle is actually the Higgs boson, probably because the model physics only has one undiscovered particle remaining [15]. After CERN’s announcement, two papers describing their finding were submitted to a journal Physics Letters B. In September 2012, both papers passed peer review and are accepted as being actual science. Condliffe said in his article that now the researchers are confident in their findings and it would be a rare chance for this new discovery to be wrong [16]. This example shows that peer review reduces the uncertainty involved in scientific work. Although all the science contains uncertainty and how to communicate such uncertainty is always the biggest problem for scientists [19], peer

The Decameron Was A Collection Of Bawdy And Serious Tales...

Professor Mark Bocija, History 1111 Rezvan Ngalla November 16, 2015 The Decameron- Black Death. The Decameron was a collection of bawdy and serious tales written by Boccaccio. Boccaccio was most likely born in Florence or Certaldo and was the illegitimate son of a wealthy Florentine merchant, Bocacino di Chellino. As a youth he was trained to follow in his father s business but he eventually chose instead to study canon law and subsequently pursued the arts. It is a combination of Greek words for ten and day. According to Frankforter, the Decameron is a fictive record of a hundred stories that ten Florentine men and women told to entertain themselves while they hid from the plague in the comfort of a luxurious house (Frankforter, pg. 348). The one hundred allegorical stories are shared through the narrative voices of these young people as they spend their nights regaling the company with tales from the erotic, sensual, and bawdy to the intellectual, philosophical or tragic. The narrative s fundamental theme is of struggle between life and death in the face of the Black Plague and the various ways life continues in spite of traditional moral attitudes and beliefs. While primarily a work of fiction, the Introduction to The Decameron has emerged as an important historical record of the physical, psychological, and social effects of the aggressive spread of the previously unknown Yersina pestis bacteria. It provides a significant philosophical insight into the medieval psycheShow MoreRelatedThe Decameron Was A Collection Of Bawdy And Serious Tales Written By Boccaccio1006 Words   |  5 Pages2015 The Decameron- Black Death. The Decameron was a collection of bawdy and serious tales written by Boccaccio. Boccaccio was most likely born in Florence or Certaldo and was the illegitimate son of a wealthy Florentine merchant, Bocacino di Chellino. As a youth he was trained to follow in his father s business but he eventually chose instead to study canon law and subsequently pursued the arts. It is a combination of Greek words for ten and day. According to Frankforter, the Decameron is a fictive

Performance-Enhancing Drugs in Sports - 1078 Words

Performance-enhancing drugs in sports: A literature review A number of prominent athletes have recently experienced a fall from grace, because of the revelation that they used performance-enhancing drugs. Perhaps the most famous example of this phenomenon is Lance Armstrong. In an advertisement for Nike that his former sponsor now no doubt regrets, Armstrong is shown asking the viewer what am I on? Im on my bike, busting my ass six hours a day. Professional cycling is often cited as one of the sports in which doping is most endemic to its subculture, however a number of professional sports have been embroiled in drug scandals. Because of the many revelations about the number of baseball players who used steroids to get their record-breaking statistics, the 1990s are often called the steroid era of baseball. The Olympic track and field star Marian Jones was stripped of her medals, after finally admitting to the use of performance-enhancing drugs (Lardon 2008). Despite the health risks, and despite the regulating bodies attempts to eliminate d rugs from sport, the use of illegal substances is widely known to be rife. It hardly raises an eyebrow now when some famous athlete fails a dope test (Savulescu, Foddy, Clayton 2004). The benefits of using some types of performance-enhancing drugs are obvious. Professional athletes have a very short shelf life as competitors in most sports and must cash in on their talents as soon as possible. For Olympic athletes, theShow MoreRelatedPerformance Enhancing Drugs For Sports1227 Words   |  5 PagesPerformance Enhancing Drugs Sport records are becoming harder   to break and seeing records are starting to become a thing of the past.. Players aren’t being able to hit these home runs or score long touchdown’s. Injured   players are getting kicked off the team or even quit because they can’t get to their peak performance that they were at before they got injured.   If more players were to use performance enhancing drugs they would be able to compete to the performance of past players. A performanceRead MorePerformance Enhancing Drugs For Sports Essay1514 Words   |  7 PagesPerformance-Enhancing Drugs in Sports A tremendously large problem in sports is whether or not athletes should be able to use performance enhancing drugs. To most people, it doesn t make any sense for athletes to be using them. They have to know what affect it has on their body not only physically, but also mentally. Around the early 2000’s is when all this starting coming up and it has made a dramatic impact on the sports world. The few people who want performance-enhancing drugs in sports don’tRead MorePerformance Enhancing Drugs in Sports1686 Words   |  7 PagesPerformance Enhancing Drugs in Sports Athletes use performance enhancing drugs to boost their game. The professionals who use these drugs are ruining the integrity of the game. Many people don’t understand why professional athletes would go to such extreme measures to be better when they have already proven themselves. Athletes are just taking away from their natural ability by using these dangerous drugs. The risk of using performance enhancing drugs is a lot greater than the reward, because anRead MorePerformance Enhancing Drugs in Sports1207 Words   |  5 PagesThe growth and use of performance enhancing drugs makes them no longer a taboo subject among professional athletes, and is starting to become in fact rampant among athletes. There appears to be no end in sight when leagues like the NFL and NCAA have weak testing programs. Traditional locker rooms in the NFL have a few steroid users and have many HGH abusers due to the NFL’s weak testing programs. HGH has become a rampant issue for the NFL, because it allows the average NFL player to gain an edgeRead MorePerformance Enhancing Drugs in Sports527 Words   |  2 Pagesuse of performance-enhancing steroids in sports is forming a problem. The sports that they play end up being cheated by these frauds. This is a disgusting epidemic. For example, â€Å"The National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA) recently estimated that over half of a million 8th through 10th grade students are abusing AAS, and that many high school seniors do not believe their use constitutes a health risk† (steroidabuse.com). The problem exists in professional sports and below. Steroid use in sports is becomingRead MorePerformance Of Sports And Performance Enhancing Drugs2051 Words   |  9 PagesPerformance Enhancers in Elite Sports Performance enhancing drugs are as old as sports themselves. Even the ancient athlete that competed in some of the first Olympic Games were know to use substances to boost their performance. It is on record that â€Å"Olympian Thomas Hicks won the marathon after receiving an injection of strychnine during the race in the third Olympiad†. (Savulescu, 1) It wasn’t until the 70’s that athletes began being tested for performance enhancing drugs and they became bannedRead MorePerformance Enhancing Drugs For Professional Sports1703 Words   |  7 Pagesthe use of performance enhancing drugs. The debate on whether or not performance enhancing substances should be allowed in professional sports has been going on for years, decades even. Many believe that using steroids and other performance enhancers should automatically disqualify an athlete from ever being able to be a member of the Hall of Fame, in sports in general, not just in Major League Baseball. However, there is an argument to be made to make the use of performance enhancing drugs legal inRead MoreSports and Performance Enhancing Drugs Essay1221 Words   |  5 PagesPerformance enhancing drugs in todays pro sports have become a big deal, because of health stimulants and the benefits that such studies have on good development of the person and on fair athletic games. Pediatricians or traine rs can play a huge role in helping the athlete or player that is using or taking performance enhancing drugs. By taking factual info about the true benefits and medical problems of these drugs and giving information about healthy food and working out. Tries to create a changeRead More Performance-Enhancing Drugs in Sports Essay1678 Words   |  7 PagesPerformance-Enhancing Drugs in Sports In all areas of sports, professional, college, and even high school, there is widespread illegal use of performance-enhancing drugs. Although there are many reasons for athletes to choose to use these drugs, the cost of such use, both to the athlete and to society can be extraordinarily high. It is important to understand why performance-enhancing drugs are used and what are the consequences of their use to the athlete and society. One of theRead MorePerformance Enhancing Drugs Sports Today1476 Words   |  6 PagesResearch, period 3 December 15, 2013 Performance Enhancing Drugs In Sports Today Performance enhancing drugs, or steroids, have long been in the lifestyle of athletes. Many famous athletes like Barry Bonds, Alex Rodriguez, Marion Jones and Lance Armstrong have all confessed to the use of steroids. Celebrities like actor Charlie Sheen and ex Governor of California, Arnold Schwarzenegger, have also admitted to using steroids in the past. Performance enhancing drugs are a dangerous form of medicine

Bromobutane free essay sample

Majority of the time, to prepare alkyl halides is via the nucleophilic substitution reactions of alcohols. SN2 reaction is the type of reaction used in this lab experiment. Our objective was to see how a primary alkyl halide reacted with an alcohol. We did a conversion of n-butanol to 1-bromobutane. Br- ions is the nucleophile for this reaction which is generated from an aqueous solution of NaBr. The catalyst that converted the OH functional group of butanol to a better leaving group (H2O) was the Sulfuric Acid. [pic] Results. Theoretical Yield C4H9OH +  NaBr  -gt; C4H9Br + NaOH From 1-Butanol 20mL (butanol) x 0. 810g (butanol) x 1mole (butanol) x 1mole(bromobutane) x 137. 03g(bromobutane) = 29. 95 g of 1bromobutane 1. 00 mL(butanol) 74. 12g(butanol) 1mole(butanol)1mole (bromobutane) From NaBr 27g (NaBr) x 1mole (NaBr) x 1mole (bromobutane) x 137. 03g(bromobutane) = 35. 95 g of 1bromobutane 102. 91g (NaBr) 1 mole (NaBr) 1mole (bromobutane) % Yield = 4. We will write a custom essay sample on Bromobutane or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page 74g / 29. 95 g = 15. 8% Volume ( 3. 8mL Mass ( 4. 74g 4. 74 / 3. 8 = 1. 246 g/mL After proceed with our four major operations that were refluxing, simple distillation, separation and drying, we could do our corresponding calculations. Refluxing was used to keep a reaction at a constant temperature. Simple distillation was used to help remove and purify a particular substance in that case was 1-bromobutane, from other components in the reaction flask. Separation was carried out because there was a high probability of other components in the distillate. And finally we used CaCl2 as a very good drying agent for a variety of solvents. So for instance, -butanol is the limiting reagent, theoretically 29. 95g of 1-bromobutane. Our percent yield was 15. 8% as showed in the calculations. Our volume was 1. 247 g/mL. And as finally our boliling point was 99C. Questions. †¢ Show the mechanism for the reaction perfomed in the laboratory [pic] †¢ The last step of the mechanism is an example of SN2 reaction. Why is it an SN2 reaction? Because the acid in the reaction protonated the alcoholic oxygen and the positive charge draws electrons away fro the C allowing the negative Bromide Ion to displace (SN2) the protonated oxygen as H2O. So for instance the reaction rate does depend on both the bromide ion and alcoholonium ion the reaction will be second order. †¢ Show by a mechanism how some 2-bromobutane could form as a by-product form this reaction The protonated alcohol can undergo elimination to form 1-butene which can then react with HBR to add by Markownikoff’s rule to the double bond to form 2-bromobutane [pic] †¢ Answer the question in footnote 3 below. The primary purpose of the sulfuric acid wash is to remove any unreacted 1-butanol. The acid protonates the OH group of the alcohol, converting it into its conjugate acid and increasing its solubility in the aqueous acid wash solution significantly. Why ? Butanol is protonated so then for sure it is more soluble in H2O and also is ionic. †¢ T-butyl bromide (2-bromo-2-methylpropane) can be prepared by simply taking t-butyl alcohol and shaking it with an aq solution HBr at room temperature. The reaction is much faster than with n-butyl alcohol and is essentially 100% complete within a few minutes. Give a mechanism for this reaction. What is this type of reaction called. (CH3)C-OH + HBr ===gt; (CH3)3C-OH2(+) + Br- CH3)3C-OH2(+) ===gt; (CH3)3C(+) + H2O (CH3)3C(+) + Br- ===gt; (CH3)3C-Br It is called the SN1 reaction. The great stability of the (CH3)C(+) ion accelerates the reaction. †¢ Remembering that SN2 reactions go with 100% inversion of configuration, while SN1 reactions lead to racemization, explain why the reaction of  ®-2butanol as in this experiment gives a mixture of about 75% (S)-2-bromobutane and about 25%  ®-2-bromobutane Ionizaton of optically pure alkyl halide/alcohols molecule leads to the planar, achiral or symmetrical carbocation with an empty p-orbital perpendicular to the plane. Addition of the nucleophile can take place at both sides of the carbocation with equal ease owing to the symmetry of carbocation, resulting in mixture, equal amounts of R and S. But in actual practice, depending on the nature of substrate, solvent and leaving group, there may be a preferred side for its attack by nucleophile, in resulting of a product that automatically will contain different amounts of the two enantiomers, for then to yield optically active product.

Quality and Value of Food

Table of Contents Introduction Food procurement Food storage Food preparation and service Conclusion Reference List Introduction Quality and value of food is an important factor in retention of loyal and creation of customers in a restaurant especially when targeting tourists. Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Quality and Value of Food specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Tourists sample food in order to gain the real sense of the place they visit; therefore, this has called for development of local and foreign foods in most restaurants as the competitive factor in the business. Food quality has positive association with value of money a customer is willing to spend on food. Quality of food has positive effects on retention and creation of customers. Food of poor quality keeps off the customers and even the new customers do not return if they encounter poor quality on their first visit. On the other hand, custome rs remain loyal to a specific restaurant if they experience food of good quality and value for the first time. Restaurant business is a very competitive industry and to be above our competitors, we have to look at the quality and value of food we are preparing and serving to the customers. Tourist customers look for aspects such as available varieties of food, quality, and value for money for their satisfaction (Clark Wood 1998). This paper will look comprehensively at the value and good quality of food in creation and retention of customers in a restaurant. Food procurement There are many people such as producers, suppliers, storage personnel, preparation and service staff involved directly and indirectly in determining the quality and value of food. Producers being the farmers are involved in producing food. Preparation of food of good quality means use of ingredients of good quality thus food production by farmers affects directly the quality and value of food. Customers have to get the value for money they are spending on producing food and this is only achieved if the farming materials used are of high quality. Farmers have to be in touch with requirements and changing tastes at restaurants. For instance, the quality of locally produced meat, vegetables and organic food has been creating extra value as this is desired by tourists and local customers. Suppliers also affect the quality and value of food offered at a restaurant (Crotts Raschid 2008). Advertising Looking for essay on health medicine? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More This means they should supply food on time when still fresh as some foods like vegetables are perishable and lose value with time. Thus this calls for the manager to be careful when choosing his suppliers. This ensures availability of quality ingredients whenever needed to avoid losing customers. Food storage According to Crotts Raschid (2008), food has to be stored pr operly and safely to ensure it does not lose quality and meets health standards. This calls for the manager to ensure that the restaurant has good storage facilities. Cold rooms for vegetables should always be well maintained and good hygiene observed when handling food thus the manager should ensure he has employed a qualified and experienced store keeper with knowledge of food handling techniques as this affects directly the quality of food prepared and served to customers. Food preparation and service When it comes to food preparation it affects directly the quality and value of food served to the customers. The manager should ensure that he has recruited the right staff with the knowledge and experience in production and preparation of different food items in the menu. This means there should be specialization of roles in the kitchen where by every cook prepares and produces what he/she is good at. Also, there should be use of specialized tools and equipment during food prepar ation (Crick Campbell, 2007). This saves on cost of production as there is minimized wastage of food. With good organization in the kitchen, production and preparation of quality food on time is achievable. This attracts and retains both local and tourist customers as they are satisfied with the quality of food and get value for money they are spending on food. The preparation area has to be well arranged to ensure minimized interruptions among the cooks which might cause delay in preparation of food. This ensures there is no mixed flavors’ among different food items thus food served is of the exact flavor as expected by the customer. Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Quality and Value of Food specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Food should be classified depending on their cooking time to ensure they are well cooked and do not keep customers waiting for long. The manager should always ensure his staff is le arning continuously to keep in touch with new menu items in the market and changing methods of preparation. Different food items in the market must be prepared well to compete effectively with other restaurants. In all the preparation and production units the chef should always check and emphasize on maintenance of good hygiene which can never be neglected when it comes to preparation of quality food. The manager should employ qualified and experienced waiters for them to offer high standard services to the customers. They should be well trained on hospitality as are the ones who are in direct contact with the customers. They should cooperate with the team in the preparation section and inform them accurately on demand of different food items on the menu and the expressed desires by the customers to avoid losing customers to other restaurants. This calls for a very effective team work in the restaurant in order to satisfy the customers (Ekinci Massey 2008). Conclusion It has been shown clearly that the quality and value of food are important factors in retention of loyal and creation of new local and tourist customers in a restaurant and thus a manager should pay close attention to these factors in order to be the leading food provider in today’s competitive tourism industry. Reference List Clark, M. A., Wood, R. C. (1998). Consumer loyalty in the restaurant industry—A preliminary exploration of the issues. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management 10 (4), 139-44. Crick, A., Campbell, A. (2007). McDonaldization, Mass customization and Customization: An analysis of Jamaica‘s all-inclusive hotel sector. Ideaz, 6, 22-41.Advertising Looking for essay on health medicine? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Crotts, J., Pan, B., Raschid, A.E. (2008). A survey method for identifying key drivers of guest delight. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 20(4), 462-470. Ekinci, Y., Dawes, P. L., Massey, G. R. (2008). An extended model of antecedents and consequences of consumer satisfaction for hospitality services. European Journal of Marketing, 42(1/2), 35-68. This essay on Quality and Value of Food was written and submitted by user Lilly Foreman to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Definition of Gobbledegook Essay Example

Definition of Gobbledegook Essay Example Definition of Gobbledegook Paper Definition of Gobbledegook Paper 10/2/2011 Gobbledygook Gobbledygook is defined as when someone uses an extended amount of words in order to stretch their sentences out. According to Stuart Chase the author of â€Å"Gobbledygook† was founded by the Federal Security Agency and was said to help â€Å"Break out of the verbal squirrel cage†. Examples of Gobbledygook can be found in such places as academic and legal talk. An example of Gobbledygook can be found in the legal world. Gobbledygook is defined by most lawyers as â€Å"squandering words, packaging a message with excess baggage and so introducing semantic â€Å"noise†. Basically, it is all the fancy lawyer jargon that they use in order to get their points across and sound professional. The gobble in the legal system is beginning to be banned due to its ineffectiveness. Another common place you can see gobbledygook is in academic talk. An example is when you are writing an essay you are basically using gobbledygook to extend its length. Most of the professors believe that gobbledygook is needed sometimes because it does help get certain points made and some of the bigger words will have a better definition than the smaller ones. In conclusion, instead of using gobbledygook phrases to extend our writings we should just focus on how clear it is first. The federal security agency gives us a list of examples that can help get rid of the gobble; one example is instead of using â€Å"is of the opinion† just use believes. The fsa believes we need to stop producing so much gobble because the clarity of our writing is never there.

Business and Management Research (Leadership topic) Coursework

Business and Management Research (Leadership topic) - Coursework Example According to several eminent authors around the world, leadership activity plays critical roles in initiating the actions of the organization, motivating the workforce, providing guidance to the team followers, building a proper working environment and also coordinating with the upper management in order to ensure smother work flow (Duke, 2009; Mackay, 2007; Harrell, 2008). This segment of the study will undertake a critical review of the article, â€Å"Combinative aspects of leadership style and the interaction between leadership behaviours† by Gian Casimir and Yong Ngee Keith Ng. This journal article was published in the year 2010 in Leadership & Organization Development Journal, Vol. 31 No. 6, and can be found in pages 501-517. The authors carried out this study for the principal purpose of testing an alternative standpoint of interaction, which is purely based on the technique or way leaders amalgamates various leadership behaviours (Casimir and Ng, 2009). The two principa l leadership behaviours considered by the authors are socio-emotional leadership and task oriented leadership. The subsequent section of the study will enumerate brief summary and review the findings of the paper. In addition, this paper will also critically review the study by Gian Casimir and Yong Ngee Keith Ng in the context of its weaknesses and strengths. Review and Summary of the Paper The study by Gian Casimir and Yong Ngee Keith Ng was about examining the interaction between socio-emotional leadership and task-oriented leadership. According to the authors, there were two major underlying principles for which the subject of study was opted. The first and most important reason was that these two leadership styles have always been the centre of attention when it came to test of interaction in the field of leadership literature. The second reason was that the authors identified that a number of day-to-day organizational leadership involve attitudes and behaviour that can be arti culated as task oriented behaviour or socio emotional behaviour (Luthans, Hodgetts and Rosenkrantz, 1988; Judge, Piccollo and Ilies 2004; Komaki, 1986). Lastly the topic of interaction is also considered to be significant (Blalock, 1965; Cronbach, 1987). In the meantime, it is also necessary to define the two leadership style being discussed here in the study. A proper definition will help in better understanding of the subject and will also help in reviewing and summarising the paper. Task oriented leadership is often deemed as multifaceted and encompass wide range of behavioural traits (Glass, 2010; B. Bass and R, Bass, 2009; Northouse, 2011). Some of the typical function of task oriented leadership is allocation of resources, assigning the particular job to the followers, emphasizing on the deadlines, to cross check whether the followers are actually following the rules and regulation and maintaining the decorum of the organization and pressurizing the followers to work hard towa rds the achievement of the goals (Delamater, 2006; Heinemann and Zeiss, 2002; Lussier and Achua, 2009). Therefore, from the perception of the authors, it is evident that one of the most vital features of a task oriented leader is pressurizing the followers to accomplish the task in timely manner by delegating the tasks as per the capabilities of the followers (Misumi, 1985). On the

The product Pepsi Cola Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

The product Pepsi Cola - Essay Example The advertisement was a well thought of product promotion strategy. Management was preparing for a great start. It is fit and proper to discuss first on the short historical background of how Pepsi came to be – its founder and short origin, and how it got its name, up to the present time where it has survived through the times and has taken a new name and role in the beverage business. Pepsi Cola was first invented or introduced by Caleb Bradham in the late 1800s or early 1900s in his pharmacy. The term â€Å"Pepsi† comes from pepsin, an enzyme which aids digestion and was also a popular ingredient in early soft drinks, while the term Cola was based on the African kola nut or caffeine. Pepsi Cola then tasted pretty close to the already popular â€Å"Coca-Cola†, although Caleb’s drink, Pepsi Cola, didn’t contain either the kola nut or any caffeine. (Soda Museum) The term â€Å"Pepsi† is an indicator. One of Pepsi-Cola’s earliest known a dvertisement is found in Feb. 25th, 1903 New Bern Daily Journal, which says that â€Å"It aids digestion.† This is because of the pepsin content. Another newspaper ad produced in 1908 said: â€Å"Pepsi-Cola is an absolutely pure combination of pepsin – that’s what your stomach needs these days – acid phosphate and the juices of fresh fruits.† (Soda Museum) The promotional kick-off must be effective because at the start Caleb was selling 2,008 gallons of Pepsi-Cola syrup, and by 1904 he was selling 19,848 gallons a year, the same year he started bottling Pepsi Cola. A year later, he also began selling Pepsi-Cola Bottling franchises, and by 1910 he had 280 bottling franchises and covered at least 24 states. By 1907, he was selling over 100,000 gallons of syrup a year, and in 1915 Pepsi-Cola Corporation had assets of over $1,000,000. (History of Pepsi-Cola.) Judging by the flow of events in the early years of Pepsi, the product and the accompanying ad vertisement proved effective.  

The English Subject Essay Example for Free

The English Subject Essay English has been a big factor to my being as an educated person and as a Lasallian student. I take pride that I go to a university which offers an outstanding quality of English education. During the third term of my freshman year in college, I took up ENGLCOM which was a subject that was divided into reading and writing class. At first, I found the two boring because I thought that I was already confident with my stock knowledge about English Communication, so I intentionally did not attend the first few meetings. I just relaxed and did other useless things to kill time for my scheduled class. After summing up my free cuts, I decided to go to class so I could catch up with the lessons. I surprisingly found myself lost. I did not have any clue about what was going on or what was being discussed. I started asking for help from my classmates. I tried studying about all the things I missed in class, and I saw that what was being tackled that time was not clear to me even if I had already graduated from high school. I quickly found myself very interested in what I was dealing with. I learned that academic reading and writing are fun and interesting. I was able to improve my vocabulary and the way I write essays since we were taught about words which were unfamiliar, and we were also consistently being asked to write essays about certain topics. There were even times when we were taught how to properly analyse commercial ads and how to correctly write certain types of letters. All of my first impressions disappeared; I found the subject very interesting and from then on, I regularly went to class. During our writing class, we were asked to compose four essays: an extended definition essay, an argumentative essay, an entry and an exit essay. I honestly had difficulty in writing. My thoughts were not complete, and I had a lack of supporting ideas. While we were writing the entry essay, I had somewhat an easy time writing using my stock knowledge. Same thing happened with the exit essay. When it came to the argumentative and extended definition essays, I found myself having a very hard time. It was kind of difficult for me to think of a topic that I could argue and add more definition to. I had a few mistakes at first, but I was able to correct them by improving my vocabulary and researching for more supporting ideas. I also applied the lessons and techniques that were taught to us until it also became a habit for me to keep updated with all the things around me. I became patient and specific with my writing. It was really surprising to me how much more I needed to know. As the term ends, I can say that ENGLCOM has helped me improve my writing and reading skills. I became more proficient in writing, analyzing, reporting and reading. I will try to compile all my works so I could set them as guides as I keep up with my life in college when I start with thesis papers and other things that involve reading and writing. I met my objectives because of everything this subject had to offer. It was indeed a very fun and interesting experience of learning more about English Communication.

Free Essays: The Themes of Mary Shelleys Frankenstein :: Frankenstein essays

The Themes of Frankenstein Mary Shelley discusses many important themes in her famous novel Frankenstein. She presents these themes through the characters and their actions, and many of them represent occurrences from her own life. Many of the themes present debateable issues, and Shelley's thoughts on them. Three of the most important themes in the novel are birth and creation; alienation; and the family and the domestic affections. One theme discussed by Shelley in the novel is birth and creation. She does this through the main character, Victor Frankenstein, who succeeds in creating a 'human' life form. In doing this, Frankenstein has taken over the roles of women and God. Shelley discusses how Frankenstein has used his laboratory or 'workshop of filthy creation' (page 53) as a kind of 'womb' as he has worked on his creation. He also refers to his task as his labour, suggesting that he has literally given birth to his creation. After so much time spent in painful labour (Page 51) The passing of time from when Victor first began his creation and finished it is also significant. Winter, spring, and summer passed away during my labours (Page 54) The length of the three seasons is nine months, representing the time a natural human baby takes to be formed in its mother's womb. This once again suggests that Frankenstein has found a way to take over the role of women, and they become powerless, weak and flimsy. They no longer have a purpose in life, as Victor Frankenstein can now create new life forms - a process which women needed to be involved in previously. An example of women's powerlessness in the novel is the condemnation of Justine for a crime she did not commit. Had she been a man, she would probably have been set free. Frankenstein succeeds in removing the only powers that women had, as well as stripping God from his role. Through the theme of birth and creation, Shelley criticises Victor not only for creating the new being, but also for abandoning it when it comes to life. Victor first wishes to create the being because he thinks: A new species would bless me as its creator and source ... No father could claim the gratitude of his child so completely as I should deserve theirs. (Page 52-53)

Strategic Analysis of ALDI Essay

1. Introduction Albrecht Discount Inc., globally known as Aldi, is a German based family owned global discount chain of supermarkets. Aldi constitutes of two independent groups, that are Aldi Nord (North) and Aldi Sud (South) legally and economically independent but family related (Aldi Sud Business, 2013). It is the market leader in the industry of international grocery retailing and owns and operates chain of discount grocery stores in Europe, Australia and United States. It’s stores retail and supply general merchandise and food including meat products, fresh meat, frozen and refrigerated foods,  sweets and snacks, dairy and bakery products, beverages and pantry items in addition to home care and personal care products (Report Linker, 2013). In the present Aldi Inc.’s strategic analysis is carried out to identify and evaluate its strategies against its business environment to critically analyze whether the strategies pursued by Aldi are effective in maintaining its market leader position or not. In doing so environmental analysis of international grocery retailing industry is carried out to bring about the opportunities and threats the industry is facing and SWOT analysis is carried out to shed light on Aldi’s strengths and weaknesses and opportunities and threats the industry is facing on the whole. Aldi’s strategies are then evaluated against the SWOT to analyze the effectiveness of its strategies in maintaining its market position. 2. Brief Background on Aldi Aldi Inc., was founded by Karl Albrecht and Theo Albrecht in 1913 in Essen and started trading in bakery products, later in 1914 Karl Albrecht’s wife Anna Albrecht opened the first grocery store. In 1919 they acquired a commercial and residential building in Essen and enlarge the grocery store. 1945 the brothers took over the family business and opened more stores and by the end of 1948 they were four Albrecht stores. In 1954 Albrecht expanded further more and opened its stores outside Essen and branch enlargement took place with 77 stores with core business as food self service. In 1961 two legally separate groups were established known as Aldi Sud and Aldi Nord yet the family remained connected. 1962 first ALDI – Albrecht Discount branched was opened in the discount principle and entire branch network was changed into ALDI format. Gradually internationalized its business by first entering in Austria with acquisition of Hofer retail chain, then further expanded in Germany, entered in the United States, UK, Ireland, Australia, Switzerland, Slovenia and Hungary, in that order (Aldi Sud Facts and Figures, 2013). Aldi Group is active in nine European countries and in European market is one of the leading retail companies and a well known retail chain all over the world. Aldi Sud is into retail food trade and comprises of 31 companies located in Southern and Western Germany and Aldi Nord operates its own branch network of 2500 outlets in the northern and eastern Germany (Aldi Sud  Business, 2013; Aldi Nord, 2013). Aldi Group has more than 10000 stores worldwide with annual turnover of 75bn yet its core market is Germany (Fitzgerald, 2013). Aldi stores are known for their efficiency, no frills stores, low levels of staff, few big brand names and modest opening hours (Fitzgerald, 2013). Their main core competency is cut price through cost cutting, selling cheap and low quality products(Grocery.com, 2013) and its mission is â€Å"simply smarter shopping† (Aldi US, 2013). Aldi’s big rivals include TESCO, Morrison’s, Sainsbury, Asda, Carrefour and Lidl (Sky News, 2013; Butler and Bowers, 2013). The Albrecht’s has expanded into new territories but remains a closely guarded company and never disclose its profit margins citing commercial sensitivity and do not share much information with other branches managers (Fitzgerald, 2013). Aldi has to triple its staff and check outs to cater to the extra one million customers coming to its 500 stores in UK. The firm shunned premium big brands for its cut price own versions of premium ranges to attract new customers looking for cheaper products (Steiner, 2013). The retail market is seeing intense competition and big retail supermarkets are losing market share to discount stores and up market grocers such as Aldi all over Europe and other international markets. 3. Market Identification of Aldi It is an intensely family owned private company. Both Aldi Sud and Aldi Nord operate in retail markets however Aldi Nord mainly in Europe whereas Aldi Sud operates in the United States and Australia among other international locations. It has Aldi stores are located in Germany, Austria, Australia, Denmark, France, Belgium, Greece, Ireland, Hungary, Netherlands, Luxemburg, Poland, Slovenia, Portugal, Spain, Switzerland, United states operating in 36 states and United Kingdom (Grocer.com, 2013). Its customers are mainly ‘do it yourself’ shoppers and bargain hunters (Grocer.com, 2013). Aldi in 2013 has outshined its biggest rivals in UK with doubling in annual profits and sales increase of 40.6% being a cut price grocer and holds 3.7% of market share in UK (Steiner, 2013; Sky news, 2013). It earned profit of 157.9 million in 2012 from 70.5 million in 2011 and sales increased from 2.7 billion in 2011 to 3.8 billion in 2012. It opened 34 new stores that were crucial in its strong performance in 2012 (Steiner, 2013). Aldi Ireland revenues increased by 30.7% in 2012 outstripping its German rival Lidl,  opened 3 more stores, in addition to 40 stores in Ireland that are being refurbished or extended. Together Lidl and Aldi control 12.5% of Irish grocery market (Fitzgerald, 2013). Aldi United states’ annual revenue is $68,700 million (U.S) with 1400 stores in 36 states employing 11,000 employees (Grocer.com. 2013). Aldi SUD in Germany consists of 31 independent companies, with more than 1820 branches, employing more than 33,600 employees (Aldi Facts and Figures, 2013). Aldi Nord operates in Eastern, Western and Northern Germany with around 2500 outlets (Aldi Nord, 2013) 4. Environmental Analysis International grocery retailing industry is facing intense competition and become a real battleground, retailing giants are offering plenty of price discounts to attract customers, that is seriously impacting their suppliers and pressure to regulate the sector is growing (Fitzgerald, 2013). The following section analyzes in detail the opportunities and threats the retail grocery industry is facing through PESTEL Analysis. 4.1 PESTEL Analysis 4.1.1 Political factors Legislators of European countries are being pressurized to regulate the retail market because intense competition and price cut is negatively impacting the manufacturers and suppliers (Fitzgerald, 2013). Retail companies are being accused of paying the lowest price to their suppliers, which is harming their business seriously, and are on the brink of collapse. Political campaigns are being carried out and interest groups are asking customers not to buy products their because of that (Osborne, 2012). 4.1.2 Economical factors Economic slowdown in developed countries and Euro zone crises has affected the industry greatly as customers with less income to dispense are forced to shop for cheaper and retailers owned goods swallowing their brand and switching from expensive brands. High flying retail giants are feeling the pinch as there was considerable drop in their sales and profits and more and more customers are switching to discount stores and up market grocers  (Butler and Bowers, 2013). Cash strapped households due to shrinking in their budgets as a result of high inflation that is not proportional to wage rises are flocking to discount stores (Sky News, 2013). The below graph shows consumer retail expenditure five year growth rate of UK (Verdict, 2009). Figure 1: Total consumer retail expenditure of UK- five year growth rate (Verdict, 2009) Burgeoning population, rise in immigration, developed nations beginning to emerge from recession and economic recoveries, falling in unemployment rates, urbanization leading to renewal of growth in retail industry. Disposable income, GDP and consumer spending are the macroeconomic factors that affect retail industry directly (Reuters, 2012). Asia pacific is dominating the industry as it driving the increase in global retail trade, representing 35% of the global retail market and will grow highest among all other regions between 2012 and 2017 (Reuters, 2013). 4.1.3 Social and cultural factors Consumers are becoming more and more socially responsible and considering increasingly the social impact of their purchases and supporting mainly those retailers who are also socially responsible and assert sustainable practices. Consumers are avoiding retailers who they think are irresponsible, encourage sweat shops, exploit suppliers, and outsource manufacturing and carryout unethical practices. Consumer preferences are changing more rapidly than ever before and retailers are struggling to cope up with their changing preferences. Economic recession is giving rise to generational differences, as whole generation experiencing recession are using money more cautiously and less credit cards (Mack, 2013). 4.1.4 Technology factors Technology is changing the way consumers shop retail products and the way retail businesses operate in bad and good ways. Online retail shopping has increased in manifolds along with creating more awareness among consumers, leading to price comparisons to find the best deal across the world. It is presenting both opportunity and threat as technology is helping in boosting retail stores performance but also forcing them to adapt to new changes  brought forward by technology or else give way to competitors who are doing so (Mock, 2013). Technological growth such as mobile commerce has provided opportunity for retailers to better interact with customers and give them more convenience and better service (Reuters, 2013). RFD Radio Frequency Identification Device has facilitated end to end tracking of ingredients and better stock control through business intelligence tools (PWC, 2013). 4.1.5 Environmental Factors Retail chains are being pressurized to be more socially responsible and adopt sustainable practices as their low price strategies are affecting the suppliers and the environment as a whole. Retailers are also accused of harming the environment as they are blamed for increased consumption of food products and causing global food insecurity and also for increased used of harmful plastic material for packaging. They are also accused of indulging in unethical practices to drive the products prices down and not caring for the environment (UNEP, 2003). To minimize this negative trend retail chains have to sustainable materials for packaging and carrying and in turn putting that costs on consumers (Osborne, 2012). 4.1.6 Legal factors Tax issues such as VAT, excise duties, environmental and property taxes, HR taxes, cross border transactions tax issues, corporation taxes and compliance with laws and legislations and increasing costs of corporate social responsibility are presenting challenges to retail industry and increasing their cost of operations. Accounting regulations like adopting of IFRS and passing of Sarbanes Oxley legislation on demand of stakeholders heightened the regulatory pressures on the retail and consumer industry (PWC, 2013). 4.2 Key Trends affecting the industry Consumers are switching from up market retail chains to low price retail chains (Butler and Bowers, 2013). Price inflation of retail products putting more pressure on retailers to decrease its impact on customers and cut down on profit margins (Butler and Bowers, 2013). E commerce and M commerce are increasing leading to increase in online retail (Mack, 2013) Customers are more aware and comparing prices online to gain best deal (Mack, 2013) Burgeoning population, urbanization, economic recovery are renewing growth  in retail sector (Reuters, 2013). Consumers preferences are changing more rapidly than before (Mack, 2013) Consumers are seeking more convenience and using other mode of payments like credit card, debit card etc. (Osborne, 2012; Mack, 2013), New consuming habits such as value shopping in FMCG products and clothing, luxury shopping in furniture and technology (PWC, 2013). Trends towards retailers being more socially responsible and sustainable retailing (PWC, 2013). Consumers supporting local suppliers and against outsourcing (Fitzgerald, 2013) Customer polarization that is have are shopping in up market stores, have not shopping more in low price stores, driving the growth of the industry (Sky News, 2013). Global retail trade growth is driven by Asia Pacific markets and will see highest growth rate. 5. SWOT Analysis 5.1 Strengths Highly efficient stores, staff levels are kept low, operates with only few big brand names and opening hours are fairly modest (Fitzgerald, 2013). High brand value and large extended network of branches covering major developed markets in the world. Continuous expansion in new markets to cater to increased footfall of customers. Basic packaging and limited advertising to keep costs low. Cost advantage derived from economies of scale (Fitzgerald, 2013) Own cheap luxury brands giving stiff competition to expensive luxury brands (Fitzgerald, 2013) Increase in sales mainly coming from new stores (Butler and Bowers, 2013) Discount pricing are impressively cheaper attracting shoppers away from bigger retail giants such as Tesco, Sainsbury Cherry pick bargains offered by Aldi increasing the number of shoppers (Butler and Bowers, 2013) Robust growth over the years (Fitzgerald, 2013) Good for buying staples (Ferruza, 2011) 5.2 Weaknesses In England Aldi does not accept payments through credit card restricting customers who want to pay through credit cards (Osborne, 2012) Charges  customers for a carrier bag (Osborne, 2012)  Low staff levels not able to handle increased customer footfall Reputation damaged because of recent horsemeat scandal and employee spying accusations (Snoops, 2013; Stuart, 2013; The Guardian, 2013). Serious limitation of product selection only 2800 products varieties are offered while other supermarket offer 30000 and shopping cart has to be rented for a quarter, (returned later after cart is kept back) (Grocery.com; Ferruza, 2013) Less glamorous store , interior ambience of stores is not so great, stores are like warehouses, does not decorate shelves, spends very less in packaging, stocking and transportation (Grocery.com, 2013) Stocks low quality products (Ferruzza, 2011). Less glamorous stores, ambience not attractive in stores, it’s like warehouse style store, no frills Stocks low quality products Limited product selection Low level of staff Charges for carrier bags and shopping carts Does not accept payment through credit cards Reputation damaged due to horse meat scandal and employee spying Sells mostly own brands label and limits the number of outside brands Very low advertising and store promotion and only in-house advertising Opportunities Economic recovery in development markets, burgeoning population, urbanization renewing growth Technology such as m-commerce and e-commerce increasing sales Customer polarization increasing discount retailers sale Economic slowdown in the past, inflation and high unemployment rate forcing customers to buy cheaper products Global retail trade growth is high in Asia pacific region and driving the market Price inflation moving customers to discount stores Threats Customers inclination towards sustainability, corporate social responsibility and preference to local suppliers threatening the cost efficiency of discount stores Taxation, and heightened regulations Technology creating operational complexities Consumer changing consuming habits and preferences threatening the industry 6. Identification and evaluation of the Strategies pursued by Aldi Aldi’s competitive strategy is to gain competitive advantage over its rivals through efficiency. Its competitive strategy is low cost leadership that it derives from economies of scale, cost efficiency, low staff level, low quality products, limited product selection and high bargaining power with suppliers (Fitzgerald, 2013; Butler and Bowers, 2013; Steiner, 2013). Its strategy to achieve its mission of simple smarter shopping it has implemented the following strategies in view of its changing business environment. 6.1 Strategies implemented by ALDI Constant rolling out new stores with increased size between 10,000 and 15,000 sq.ft in all countries it is operating (Fitzgerald, 2013). Backward vertical integration, producing cheaper luxury products to attract consumers who are  switching from expensive luxury brands (Grocery.com; Fitzgerald, 2013). Renovation and expansion of existing stores (Fitzgerald, 2013). Started using advertising campaigns to attract more up-market customers to promote its own luxury brand labels deviating from its past strategies (Butler and Bowers, 2013). Increased checkout points and staff level in its store to cater to extra one million customers coming to its stores all over Europe (Steiner, 2013). Delivering high value to customers who are looking for cheaper deals through efficiency in transportation, presentation and packaging (Steiner, 2013). Online sales and apps for attracting internet savvy consumer and engaging customers through social networks (Aldi App, 2013). Sustainable sourcing and reducing environmental impact through recycling and minimum packaging (Aldi Nord, 2013). 6.2 Critical Evaluation of the Strategies In view of Aldi Inc.’s SWOT and the strategies it has implemented it can be said that Aldi’s strategies are in sync with its changing business environment and taking advantage of its strengths and minimizing its weaknesses. By expanding its store sizes, renovating and redecorating its existing stores and opening new stores of bigger sizes it has tried to minimize its weakness of less glamorous warehouse type store. And by opening more stores consistently over the years it is taking advantage of burgeoning population that is resulting in increase of customer footfall (Fitzgerald, 2013). It has also taken care of its weakness of low staff level and increased staff level and checkouts to cater to increased customer footfall (Steiner, 2013). It has started rolling out advertising campaigns for promotions to attract luxury customers and elevated its market positioning by retailing luxury products and changing its reputation of a retailer of low quality products (Butler and B owers, 2013). Aldi is gradually moving from discount store principle to convenient store principle, opening stores in affluent locations, offering luxury products, delivering both value and quality to broaden its consumer base (Skynews, 2013). Through vertical backward integration it has taken advantage of the opportunity presented by the consumer shifting from expensive luxury products to comparatively cheaper luxury products by producing its own luxury label offering them at less price. Broaden its customer base by opening stores in affluent  locations and changing its positioning from a discount store to a convenient store, this is to take advantage of opportunity presented by economic recoveries of developed countries. It has sustained its cost efficiency competitive advantage by lessening costs on packaging, transportation and offering cherry deals. Aldi apps facilitate m-commerce, and it also sells online and interacts with customers using social networks, thus it is taking advantage of op portunities presented by digital media technology. It has minimized threat presented by environmental factors by adopting recycling and has become more socially responsible by adopting sustainable practices for sourcing to minimize the threat presented by customers inclination towards sustainability. However Aldi has not fully taken advantages of other opportunities such as taking advantage of growing Asia Pacific market, it is operating only in Australia and has not yet entered Asian countries where high growth is expected and many governments have opened foreign direct investment in retailing. Price inflation of products and heightened laws and regulations will threaten its cost leadership strategy and in future might increase its operational costs and it may not be able to sustain its competitive strategy for long however it has not taken any measures to address these threats. Increasing staff level will increase its labor costs adding to its operational costs further. 7. Conclusion Aldi Inc. is evolving and implementing strategies to take advantage of opportunities and thwart threats presented by its environment by exploiting its strengths and reducing or eliminating its weaknesses. It has resulted in success as Aldi has experienced great success in 2013 with increased profit and sales compared to other supermarket chains however it may not be able to sustain its competitive advantage for long because prices and costs are increasing and profit margins are decreasing with retail market being saturated in developed countries, it has to expand its operations into new markets for sustaining growth and maintaining market leader position. 8. References Aldi App, (2013), Smart Phone, Aldi App, Aldi Us, Available at https://www.aldi.us/en/services/smartphone-app/, Accessed 25 November, 2013. Aldi Nord, (2013), â€Å"Business†, Aldi Nord, Available at http://www.aldi-nord.de/unternehmen.html, Accessed 28 November, 2013. Aldi Sud Business, (2013), â€Å"Aldi Sud Business†, Aldi Sud, Available at https://unternehmen.aldi-sued.de/de/ueber-aldi-sued/unternehmen/, Accessed 24 November, 2013. Aldi Sud Facts and Figures (2013), â€Å"Aldi Sud Fact and Figures†, Aldi Sud, Available at https://unternehmen.aldi-sued.de/de/ueber-aldi-sued/unternehmen/daten-und-fakten/, Accessed 21 November, 2013. Aldi US, (2013), â€Å"Aldi US Corporate†, Aldi Us, Available at https://corporate.aldi.us/, Accessed 27 November, 2013. Butler, S., and Bowers, S., (2013), â€Å"Britain’s big supermarkets lose ground to cut price rivals and up market grocers†, The Guardian, Available at http://www.theguardian.com/business/2013/nov/19/britain-supermarkets-market-share-fall-tesco-sainsburys -lidl, Accessed 22 November, 2013. Ferruzza, C., (2011), â€Å"Forget Trader Joe’s let’s hear it for Aldi†, Pitch, Available at http://www.pitch.com/FastPitch/archives/2011/07/18/forget-trader-joes-lets-hear-it-for-aldi, Accessed 19 November 2013. Fitzgerald, K., (2013), â€Å"Germany the history of Aldi Supermarkets†, Meat Trade News Daily, Available at http://www.meattradenewsdaily.co.uk/news/300413/germany___the_history_of_aldi_supermarkets_.aspx, Accessed 23 November, 2013. Grocery.com, (2013), â€Å"Aldi Foods†, Grocery.com, Available at http://www.grocery.com/aldi-foods/, Accessed 27 November, 2013. Mack, S, (2013), â€Å"Social Factors Affecting Retail Business†, Small Business Chron, Available at http://smallbusiness.chron.com/social-factors-affecting-retail-business-71662.html, Accessed 23 November, 2013. PWC, (2013), â€Å"Industry Issues†, PWC, Available at http://www.pwc.co.uk/retail-consumer/issues/retail-and-consumer-ind ustry-issues.jhtml, Accessed 22 November, 2013. Osborne, H., (2012), â€Å"The Aldi Experience: Supermarket shopping with a difference†, The Guardian, Available at http://www.theguardian.com/money/blog/2012/oct/08/aldi-supermarket-shopping-difference, Accessed 25 November, 2013. Reportlinker, (2013), â€Å"Aldi Inc. – Strategic SWOT Analysis Review†, Report Linker, Available at http://www.reportlinker.com/p0500369-summary/Aldi-Inc-Strategic-SWOT-Analysis-Review.html, Accessed 29 November, 2013. Reuters (2013), â€Å"Research and

Statement of Purpose Pursuing a Master Degree of Public...

I have given much thought about my education and career goals. I included my current qualifications and accomplishment, as well as, the fulfillment of my desire to work in the government sector or industry. The issue I had with setting this goal was I qualified to work in many areas, and had become as a â€Å"jack of all trades and master of none.† I was all over the place trying to land in a specific area and industry. I have an Associates of Applied Arts degree in Paralegal, a Certificate in Corporate Governance, and a Bachelors of Science degree in Criminal Justice. I have worked in the private and nonprofit sector for years. I have collaborated with local and state government for a cause, but still felt as if something was missing, or I was not connecting with the right person or institutions. Therefore, I knew I had to strategically pursue both, education and career goals according to my vision and in doing so, I have to think long-term keeping my eyes on the result of my goals. Working with nonprofit agencies and AmeriCorp V.I.S.T.A. (Volunteer in Service to America), I had the opportunity to learn firsthand at the efforts given within agencies to service the environment and the public by making changes, and implementing reforms on different issues. I found I have a passion for people, legal policies, compliances, and I am very good as a spokes person, or advocate speaking on change. During the time when I was facilitating as a General Education Development instructor forShow MoreRelatedAn Assessment Of University Of North Texas Career Center902 Words   |  4 Pagesinstitutional quality. The CAS standards influence practice in the following manner including assessing a current program, expanding existing programs, creating a mission statement and goals, justifying existing programs, training students and staff, guiding new programs, and influencing budget requests (The Handbook of Student Affairs Administration, p. 196). Career selection is just one of the many important choices that have to be considered in determining a college student’s future. These types of decisionRead MoreBusiness Administration From Boise State University1122 Words   |  5 PagesStatement of Purpose – Ph.D. in accounting with a focus on tax research After I obtained a bachelor degree in accountancy and master degree in business administration from Boise State University, I started my accounting career in 2007 in the tax department of Micron Technology, Inc., which is the largest semiconductor manufacturing company in the U.S. The most fascinating part working as a tax professional in a multinational corporation is that I am able to research complicated tax issues and provideRead MoreThe Influence of Agriculture Educator Essay examples1423 Words   |  6 PagesSchool’s agriculture education teacher, Sara Hughes, she said that an agriculture educator has to have, â€Å"At least a Bachelors Degree normally in Ag Ed, and pass the Georgia Assessment for the Certification of Educators (GACE) in the Ag Ed field† (Hughes 1). The GACE is a testing method in Georgia that has been used for several years. According to gace.ets.org, â€Å"The purpose of the GACE assessments is to assure that the knowledge and skills acquired by prospective Georgia educators are aligned withRead MoreEssay on My Educational Goals and Philosophy Statement1439 Words   |  6 PagesMy Educational Goals and Philosophy Statement The most important function of education at any level is to develop the personality of the individual and the significance of his life to himself and to others -Grayson Kirk. The teaching philosophy of progressivism focuses on developing the whole child. This philosophy not only teaches the core subject material, but it also allows the teacher to help develop the person the child is going to be. John Dewey, founderRead MoreHow to Become a Clinical Psychologist in Malaysia4550 Words   |  19 Pagesthe scientific study and application of psychology for the purpose of understanding, preventing and relieving psychologically-based distress or dysfunction and to promote subjective well-being and personal development. Its practices are centrally based on psychological assessment and psychotherapy, although clinical psychologists also engage in research, teaching, consultation, forensic testimony and program development and administration. In many countries clinical psychology is a regulated mentalRead MoreEssay Professional and Personal Goals2159 Words   |  9 PagesIntroduction For the past eleven years I have been working in the web designing and development field, specifically for colleges and universities. Beginning at Peirce College, while pursuing my undergraduate degree in information technology, and working as a work-study student on the college’s website, I was able to acquire experience and web development and design techniques that are used in a higher educational setting. After graduation from Peirce, I was employed as the web manager and eventuallyRead MoreIndira Nooyi5487 Words   |  22 PagesRaj Kishan Nooyi (management consultant) Daughters - Preetha, Tara Education School: Holy Angels School, Chennai College: * Bachelor s degree (Chemistry, Physics, Maths) from Madras Christian College, Chennai (1974). * Master s Degree in Finance and Marketing from the Indian Institute of Management in Calcutta (1976). * Master s Degree in Public and Private Management from Yale University s School of Organization and Management (1978). Board member * Federal Reserve Bank of New York Read MoreCareer Opportunities with Commerce Education5944 Words   |  24 PagesBusiness economics: This would cover concepts like the laws of demand and supply, law of returns, elasticity, theory of pricing under different market forms etc. Financial accounting: This subject would deal with the preparation of profit and loss statements, balance sheets and final accounts of a company, knowledge of Indian and international accounting standards, calculation of depreciation and valuation of shares and goodwill of a company. Cost accounting: This would include process, job and contractRead MoreJuan Osong6460 Words   |  26 PagesPhilippines  and  University of Santo Tomas, after which he worked as a lawyer for the government. He first won election in 1949 to the  House of Representatives, representing a district in his home province of  Pampanga. In 1957 he became vice president in the administration of President  Carlos P. Garcia, and in 1961 he defeated Garcias re-election bid for the presidency. As President, Macapagal worked to suppress graft and corruption and to stimulate the Philippine economy. He introduced the countrys first  landRead MoreBusiness Plan for a Night Club5490 Words   |  22 PagesPrepared By: Anthony DiGiacomo Omar Lindo Nicole Terry Rachel Buckley Chris Tribble Jeff Owens Table of Contents Topic Page # #61623; Executive Summary 4 #61623; Mission Statement 8 #61623; Description of the Venue 10 Company Summary 11 Start-up Summary 12 Business Description 15 #61623; Market Analysis 16 Market Analysis Summary 17 Market Segmentation 18 Chart 1 Ââ€" Total UCONN Enrollment