Free Essays: The Themes of Mary Shelleys Frankenstein :: Frankenstein essays

The Themes of Frankenstein Mary Shelley discusses many important themes in her famous novel Frankenstein. She presents these themes through the characters and their actions, and many of them represent occurrences from her own life. Many of the themes present debateable issues, and Shelley's thoughts on them. Three of the most important themes in the novel are birth and creation; alienation; and the family and the domestic affections. One theme discussed by Shelley in the novel is birth and creation. She does this through the main character, Victor Frankenstein, who succeeds in creating a 'human' life form. In doing this, Frankenstein has taken over the roles of women and God. Shelley discusses how Frankenstein has used his laboratory or 'workshop of filthy creation' (page 53) as a kind of 'womb' as he has worked on his creation. He also refers to his task as his labour, suggesting that he has literally given birth to his creation. After so much time spent in painful labour (Page 51) The passing of time from when Victor first began his creation and finished it is also significant. Winter, spring, and summer passed away during my labours (Page 54) The length of the three seasons is nine months, representing the time a natural human baby takes to be formed in its mother's womb. This once again suggests that Frankenstein has found a way to take over the role of women, and they become powerless, weak and flimsy. They no longer have a purpose in life, as Victor Frankenstein can now create new life forms - a process which women needed to be involved in previously. An example of women's powerlessness in the novel is the condemnation of Justine for a crime she did not commit. Had she been a man, she would probably have been set free. Frankenstein succeeds in removing the only powers that women had, as well as stripping God from his role. Through the theme of birth and creation, Shelley criticises Victor not only for creating the new being, but also for abandoning it when it comes to life. Victor first wishes to create the being because he thinks: A new species would bless me as its creator and source ... No father could claim the gratitude of his child so completely as I should deserve theirs. (Page 52-53)

Strategic Analysis of ALDI Essay

1. Introduction Albrecht Discount Inc., globally known as Aldi, is a German based family owned global discount chain of supermarkets. Aldi constitutes of two independent groups, that are Aldi Nord (North) and Aldi Sud (South) legally and economically independent but family related (Aldi Sud Business, 2013). It is the market leader in the industry of international grocery retailing and owns and operates chain of discount grocery stores in Europe, Australia and United States. It’s stores retail and supply general merchandise and food including meat products, fresh meat, frozen and refrigerated foods,  sweets and snacks, dairy and bakery products, beverages and pantry items in addition to home care and personal care products (Report Linker, 2013). In the present Aldi Inc.’s strategic analysis is carried out to identify and evaluate its strategies against its business environment to critically analyze whether the strategies pursued by Aldi are effective in maintaining its market leader position or not. In doing so environmental analysis of international grocery retailing industry is carried out to bring about the opportunities and threats the industry is facing and SWOT analysis is carried out to shed light on Aldi’s strengths and weaknesses and opportunities and threats the industry is facing on the whole. Aldi’s strategies are then evaluated against the SWOT to analyze the effectiveness of its strategies in maintaining its market position. 2. Brief Background on Aldi Aldi Inc., was founded by Karl Albrecht and Theo Albrecht in 1913 in Essen and started trading in bakery products, later in 1914 Karl Albrecht’s wife Anna Albrecht opened the first grocery store. In 1919 they acquired a commercial and residential building in Essen and enlarge the grocery store. 1945 the brothers took over the family business and opened more stores and by the end of 1948 they were four Albrecht stores. In 1954 Albrecht expanded further more and opened its stores outside Essen and branch enlargement took place with 77 stores with core business as food self service. In 1961 two legally separate groups were established known as Aldi Sud and Aldi Nord yet the family remained connected. 1962 first ALDI – Albrecht Discount branched was opened in the discount principle and entire branch network was changed into ALDI format. Gradually internationalized its business by first entering in Austria with acquisition of Hofer retail chain, then further expanded in Germany, entered in the United States, UK, Ireland, Australia, Switzerland, Slovenia and Hungary, in that order (Aldi Sud Facts and Figures, 2013). Aldi Group is active in nine European countries and in European market is one of the leading retail companies and a well known retail chain all over the world. Aldi Sud is into retail food trade and comprises of 31 companies located in Southern and Western Germany and Aldi Nord operates its own branch network of 2500 outlets in the northern and eastern Germany (Aldi Sud  Business, 2013; Aldi Nord, 2013). Aldi Group has more than 10000 stores worldwide with annual turnover of 75bn yet its core market is Germany (Fitzgerald, 2013). Aldi stores are known for their efficiency, no frills stores, low levels of staff, few big brand names and modest opening hours (Fitzgerald, 2013). Their main core competency is cut price through cost cutting, selling cheap and low quality products(Grocery.com, 2013) and its mission is â€Å"simply smarter shopping† (Aldi US, 2013). Aldi’s big rivals include TESCO, Morrison’s, Sainsbury, Asda, Carrefour and Lidl (Sky News, 2013; Butler and Bowers, 2013). The Albrecht’s has expanded into new territories but remains a closely guarded company and never disclose its profit margins citing commercial sensitivity and do not share much information with other branches managers (Fitzgerald, 2013). Aldi has to triple its staff and check outs to cater to the extra one million customers coming to its 500 stores in UK. The firm shunned premium big brands for its cut price own versions of premium ranges to attract new customers looking for cheaper products (Steiner, 2013). The retail market is seeing intense competition and big retail supermarkets are losing market share to discount stores and up market grocers such as Aldi all over Europe and other international markets. 3. Market Identification of Aldi It is an intensely family owned private company. Both Aldi Sud and Aldi Nord operate in retail markets however Aldi Nord mainly in Europe whereas Aldi Sud operates in the United States and Australia among other international locations. It has Aldi stores are located in Germany, Austria, Australia, Denmark, France, Belgium, Greece, Ireland, Hungary, Netherlands, Luxemburg, Poland, Slovenia, Portugal, Spain, Switzerland, United states operating in 36 states and United Kingdom (Grocer.com, 2013). Its customers are mainly ‘do it yourself’ shoppers and bargain hunters (Grocer.com, 2013). Aldi in 2013 has outshined its biggest rivals in UK with doubling in annual profits and sales increase of 40.6% being a cut price grocer and holds 3.7% of market share in UK (Steiner, 2013; Sky news, 2013). It earned profit of 157.9 million in 2012 from 70.5 million in 2011 and sales increased from 2.7 billion in 2011 to 3.8 billion in 2012. It opened 34 new stores that were crucial in its strong performance in 2012 (Steiner, 2013). Aldi Ireland revenues increased by 30.7% in 2012 outstripping its German rival Lidl,  opened 3 more stores, in addition to 40 stores in Ireland that are being refurbished or extended. Together Lidl and Aldi control 12.5% of Irish grocery market (Fitzgerald, 2013). Aldi United states’ annual revenue is $68,700 million (U.S) with 1400 stores in 36 states employing 11,000 employees (Grocer.com. 2013). Aldi SUD in Germany consists of 31 independent companies, with more than 1820 branches, employing more than 33,600 employees (Aldi Facts and Figures, 2013). Aldi Nord operates in Eastern, Western and Northern Germany with around 2500 outlets (Aldi Nord, 2013) 4. Environmental Analysis International grocery retailing industry is facing intense competition and become a real battleground, retailing giants are offering plenty of price discounts to attract customers, that is seriously impacting their suppliers and pressure to regulate the sector is growing (Fitzgerald, 2013). The following section analyzes in detail the opportunities and threats the retail grocery industry is facing through PESTEL Analysis. 4.1 PESTEL Analysis 4.1.1 Political factors Legislators of European countries are being pressurized to regulate the retail market because intense competition and price cut is negatively impacting the manufacturers and suppliers (Fitzgerald, 2013). Retail companies are being accused of paying the lowest price to their suppliers, which is harming their business seriously, and are on the brink of collapse. Political campaigns are being carried out and interest groups are asking customers not to buy products their because of that (Osborne, 2012). 4.1.2 Economical factors Economic slowdown in developed countries and Euro zone crises has affected the industry greatly as customers with less income to dispense are forced to shop for cheaper and retailers owned goods swallowing their brand and switching from expensive brands. High flying retail giants are feeling the pinch as there was considerable drop in their sales and profits and more and more customers are switching to discount stores and up market grocers  (Butler and Bowers, 2013). Cash strapped households due to shrinking in their budgets as a result of high inflation that is not proportional to wage rises are flocking to discount stores (Sky News, 2013). The below graph shows consumer retail expenditure five year growth rate of UK (Verdict, 2009). Figure 1: Total consumer retail expenditure of UK- five year growth rate (Verdict, 2009) Burgeoning population, rise in immigration, developed nations beginning to emerge from recession and economic recoveries, falling in unemployment rates, urbanization leading to renewal of growth in retail industry. Disposable income, GDP and consumer spending are the macroeconomic factors that affect retail industry directly (Reuters, 2012). Asia pacific is dominating the industry as it driving the increase in global retail trade, representing 35% of the global retail market and will grow highest among all other regions between 2012 and 2017 (Reuters, 2013). 4.1.3 Social and cultural factors Consumers are becoming more and more socially responsible and considering increasingly the social impact of their purchases and supporting mainly those retailers who are also socially responsible and assert sustainable practices. Consumers are avoiding retailers who they think are irresponsible, encourage sweat shops, exploit suppliers, and outsource manufacturing and carryout unethical practices. Consumer preferences are changing more rapidly than ever before and retailers are struggling to cope up with their changing preferences. Economic recession is giving rise to generational differences, as whole generation experiencing recession are using money more cautiously and less credit cards (Mack, 2013). 4.1.4 Technology factors Technology is changing the way consumers shop retail products and the way retail businesses operate in bad and good ways. Online retail shopping has increased in manifolds along with creating more awareness among consumers, leading to price comparisons to find the best deal across the world. It is presenting both opportunity and threat as technology is helping in boosting retail stores performance but also forcing them to adapt to new changes  brought forward by technology or else give way to competitors who are doing so (Mock, 2013). Technological growth such as mobile commerce has provided opportunity for retailers to better interact with customers and give them more convenience and better service (Reuters, 2013). RFD Radio Frequency Identification Device has facilitated end to end tracking of ingredients and better stock control through business intelligence tools (PWC, 2013). 4.1.5 Environmental Factors Retail chains are being pressurized to be more socially responsible and adopt sustainable practices as their low price strategies are affecting the suppliers and the environment as a whole. Retailers are also accused of harming the environment as they are blamed for increased consumption of food products and causing global food insecurity and also for increased used of harmful plastic material for packaging. They are also accused of indulging in unethical practices to drive the products prices down and not caring for the environment (UNEP, 2003). To minimize this negative trend retail chains have to sustainable materials for packaging and carrying and in turn putting that costs on consumers (Osborne, 2012). 4.1.6 Legal factors Tax issues such as VAT, excise duties, environmental and property taxes, HR taxes, cross border transactions tax issues, corporation taxes and compliance with laws and legislations and increasing costs of corporate social responsibility are presenting challenges to retail industry and increasing their cost of operations. Accounting regulations like adopting of IFRS and passing of Sarbanes Oxley legislation on demand of stakeholders heightened the regulatory pressures on the retail and consumer industry (PWC, 2013). 4.2 Key Trends affecting the industry Consumers are switching from up market retail chains to low price retail chains (Butler and Bowers, 2013). Price inflation of retail products putting more pressure on retailers to decrease its impact on customers and cut down on profit margins (Butler and Bowers, 2013). E commerce and M commerce are increasing leading to increase in online retail (Mack, 2013) Customers are more aware and comparing prices online to gain best deal (Mack, 2013) Burgeoning population, urbanization, economic recovery are renewing growth  in retail sector (Reuters, 2013). Consumers preferences are changing more rapidly than before (Mack, 2013) Consumers are seeking more convenience and using other mode of payments like credit card, debit card etc. (Osborne, 2012; Mack, 2013), New consuming habits such as value shopping in FMCG products and clothing, luxury shopping in furniture and technology (PWC, 2013). Trends towards retailers being more socially responsible and sustainable retailing (PWC, 2013). Consumers supporting local suppliers and against outsourcing (Fitzgerald, 2013) Customer polarization that is have are shopping in up market stores, have not shopping more in low price stores, driving the growth of the industry (Sky News, 2013). Global retail trade growth is driven by Asia Pacific markets and will see highest growth rate. 5. SWOT Analysis 5.1 Strengths Highly efficient stores, staff levels are kept low, operates with only few big brand names and opening hours are fairly modest (Fitzgerald, 2013). High brand value and large extended network of branches covering major developed markets in the world. Continuous expansion in new markets to cater to increased footfall of customers. Basic packaging and limited advertising to keep costs low. Cost advantage derived from economies of scale (Fitzgerald, 2013) Own cheap luxury brands giving stiff competition to expensive luxury brands (Fitzgerald, 2013) Increase in sales mainly coming from new stores (Butler and Bowers, 2013) Discount pricing are impressively cheaper attracting shoppers away from bigger retail giants such as Tesco, Sainsbury Cherry pick bargains offered by Aldi increasing the number of shoppers (Butler and Bowers, 2013) Robust growth over the years (Fitzgerald, 2013) Good for buying staples (Ferruza, 2011) 5.2 Weaknesses In England Aldi does not accept payments through credit card restricting customers who want to pay through credit cards (Osborne, 2012) Charges  customers for a carrier bag (Osborne, 2012)  Low staff levels not able to handle increased customer footfall Reputation damaged because of recent horsemeat scandal and employee spying accusations (Snoops, 2013; Stuart, 2013; The Guardian, 2013). Serious limitation of product selection only 2800 products varieties are offered while other supermarket offer 30000 and shopping cart has to be rented for a quarter, (returned later after cart is kept back) (Grocery.com; Ferruza, 2013) Less glamorous store , interior ambience of stores is not so great, stores are like warehouses, does not decorate shelves, spends very less in packaging, stocking and transportation (Grocery.com, 2013) Stocks low quality products (Ferruzza, 2011). Less glamorous stores, ambience not attractive in stores, it’s like warehouse style store, no frills Stocks low quality products Limited product selection Low level of staff Charges for carrier bags and shopping carts Does not accept payment through credit cards Reputation damaged due to horse meat scandal and employee spying Sells mostly own brands label and limits the number of outside brands Very low advertising and store promotion and only in-house advertising Opportunities Economic recovery in development markets, burgeoning population, urbanization renewing growth Technology such as m-commerce and e-commerce increasing sales Customer polarization increasing discount retailers sale Economic slowdown in the past, inflation and high unemployment rate forcing customers to buy cheaper products Global retail trade growth is high in Asia pacific region and driving the market Price inflation moving customers to discount stores Threats Customers inclination towards sustainability, corporate social responsibility and preference to local suppliers threatening the cost efficiency of discount stores Taxation, and heightened regulations Technology creating operational complexities Consumer changing consuming habits and preferences threatening the industry 6. Identification and evaluation of the Strategies pursued by Aldi Aldi’s competitive strategy is to gain competitive advantage over its rivals through efficiency. Its competitive strategy is low cost leadership that it derives from economies of scale, cost efficiency, low staff level, low quality products, limited product selection and high bargaining power with suppliers (Fitzgerald, 2013; Butler and Bowers, 2013; Steiner, 2013). Its strategy to achieve its mission of simple smarter shopping it has implemented the following strategies in view of its changing business environment. 6.1 Strategies implemented by ALDI Constant rolling out new stores with increased size between 10,000 and 15,000 sq.ft in all countries it is operating (Fitzgerald, 2013). Backward vertical integration, producing cheaper luxury products to attract consumers who are  switching from expensive luxury brands (Grocery.com; Fitzgerald, 2013). Renovation and expansion of existing stores (Fitzgerald, 2013). Started using advertising campaigns to attract more up-market customers to promote its own luxury brand labels deviating from its past strategies (Butler and Bowers, 2013). Increased checkout points and staff level in its store to cater to extra one million customers coming to its stores all over Europe (Steiner, 2013). Delivering high value to customers who are looking for cheaper deals through efficiency in transportation, presentation and packaging (Steiner, 2013). Online sales and apps for attracting internet savvy consumer and engaging customers through social networks (Aldi App, 2013). Sustainable sourcing and reducing environmental impact through recycling and minimum packaging (Aldi Nord, 2013). 6.2 Critical Evaluation of the Strategies In view of Aldi Inc.’s SWOT and the strategies it has implemented it can be said that Aldi’s strategies are in sync with its changing business environment and taking advantage of its strengths and minimizing its weaknesses. By expanding its store sizes, renovating and redecorating its existing stores and opening new stores of bigger sizes it has tried to minimize its weakness of less glamorous warehouse type store. And by opening more stores consistently over the years it is taking advantage of burgeoning population that is resulting in increase of customer footfall (Fitzgerald, 2013). It has also taken care of its weakness of low staff level and increased staff level and checkouts to cater to increased customer footfall (Steiner, 2013). It has started rolling out advertising campaigns for promotions to attract luxury customers and elevated its market positioning by retailing luxury products and changing its reputation of a retailer of low quality products (Butler and B owers, 2013). Aldi is gradually moving from discount store principle to convenient store principle, opening stores in affluent locations, offering luxury products, delivering both value and quality to broaden its consumer base (Skynews, 2013). Through vertical backward integration it has taken advantage of the opportunity presented by the consumer shifting from expensive luxury products to comparatively cheaper luxury products by producing its own luxury label offering them at less price. Broaden its customer base by opening stores in affluent  locations and changing its positioning from a discount store to a convenient store, this is to take advantage of opportunity presented by economic recoveries of developed countries. It has sustained its cost efficiency competitive advantage by lessening costs on packaging, transportation and offering cherry deals. Aldi apps facilitate m-commerce, and it also sells online and interacts with customers using social networks, thus it is taking advantage of op portunities presented by digital media technology. It has minimized threat presented by environmental factors by adopting recycling and has become more socially responsible by adopting sustainable practices for sourcing to minimize the threat presented by customers inclination towards sustainability. However Aldi has not fully taken advantages of other opportunities such as taking advantage of growing Asia Pacific market, it is operating only in Australia and has not yet entered Asian countries where high growth is expected and many governments have opened foreign direct investment in retailing. Price inflation of products and heightened laws and regulations will threaten its cost leadership strategy and in future might increase its operational costs and it may not be able to sustain its competitive strategy for long however it has not taken any measures to address these threats. Increasing staff level will increase its labor costs adding to its operational costs further. 7. Conclusion Aldi Inc. is evolving and implementing strategies to take advantage of opportunities and thwart threats presented by its environment by exploiting its strengths and reducing or eliminating its weaknesses. It has resulted in success as Aldi has experienced great success in 2013 with increased profit and sales compared to other supermarket chains however it may not be able to sustain its competitive advantage for long because prices and costs are increasing and profit margins are decreasing with retail market being saturated in developed countries, it has to expand its operations into new markets for sustaining growth and maintaining market leader position. 8. References Aldi App, (2013), Smart Phone, Aldi App, Aldi Us, Available at https://www.aldi.us/en/services/smartphone-app/, Accessed 25 November, 2013. Aldi Nord, (2013), â€Å"Business†, Aldi Nord, Available at http://www.aldi-nord.de/unternehmen.html, Accessed 28 November, 2013. Aldi Sud Business, (2013), â€Å"Aldi Sud Business†, Aldi Sud, Available at https://unternehmen.aldi-sued.de/de/ueber-aldi-sued/unternehmen/, Accessed 24 November, 2013. Aldi Sud Facts and Figures (2013), â€Å"Aldi Sud Fact and Figures†, Aldi Sud, Available at https://unternehmen.aldi-sued.de/de/ueber-aldi-sued/unternehmen/daten-und-fakten/, Accessed 21 November, 2013. Aldi US, (2013), â€Å"Aldi US Corporate†, Aldi Us, Available at https://corporate.aldi.us/, Accessed 27 November, 2013. Butler, S., and Bowers, S., (2013), â€Å"Britain’s big supermarkets lose ground to cut price rivals and up market grocers†, The Guardian, Available at http://www.theguardian.com/business/2013/nov/19/britain-supermarkets-market-share-fall-tesco-sainsburys -lidl, Accessed 22 November, 2013. Ferruzza, C., (2011), â€Å"Forget Trader Joe’s let’s hear it for Aldi†, Pitch, Available at http://www.pitch.com/FastPitch/archives/2011/07/18/forget-trader-joes-lets-hear-it-for-aldi, Accessed 19 November 2013. Fitzgerald, K., (2013), â€Å"Germany the history of Aldi Supermarkets†, Meat Trade News Daily, Available at http://www.meattradenewsdaily.co.uk/news/300413/germany___the_history_of_aldi_supermarkets_.aspx, Accessed 23 November, 2013. Grocery.com, (2013), â€Å"Aldi Foods†, Grocery.com, Available at http://www.grocery.com/aldi-foods/, Accessed 27 November, 2013. Mack, S, (2013), â€Å"Social Factors Affecting Retail Business†, Small Business Chron, Available at http://smallbusiness.chron.com/social-factors-affecting-retail-business-71662.html, Accessed 23 November, 2013. PWC, (2013), â€Å"Industry Issues†, PWC, Available at http://www.pwc.co.uk/retail-consumer/issues/retail-and-consumer-ind ustry-issues.jhtml, Accessed 22 November, 2013. Osborne, H., (2012), â€Å"The Aldi Experience: Supermarket shopping with a difference†, The Guardian, Available at http://www.theguardian.com/money/blog/2012/oct/08/aldi-supermarket-shopping-difference, Accessed 25 November, 2013. Reportlinker, (2013), â€Å"Aldi Inc. – Strategic SWOT Analysis Review†, Report Linker, Available at http://www.reportlinker.com/p0500369-summary/Aldi-Inc-Strategic-SWOT-Analysis-Review.html, Accessed 29 November, 2013. Reuters (2013), â€Å"Research and

Statement of Purpose Pursuing a Master Degree of Public...

I have given much thought about my education and career goals. I included my current qualifications and accomplishment, as well as, the fulfillment of my desire to work in the government sector or industry. The issue I had with setting this goal was I qualified to work in many areas, and had become as a â€Å"jack of all trades and master of none.† I was all over the place trying to land in a specific area and industry. I have an Associates of Applied Arts degree in Paralegal, a Certificate in Corporate Governance, and a Bachelors of Science degree in Criminal Justice. I have worked in the private and nonprofit sector for years. I have collaborated with local and state government for a cause, but still felt as if something was missing, or I was not connecting with the right person or institutions. Therefore, I knew I had to strategically pursue both, education and career goals according to my vision and in doing so, I have to think long-term keeping my eyes on the result of my goals. Working with nonprofit agencies and AmeriCorp V.I.S.T.A. (Volunteer in Service to America), I had the opportunity to learn firsthand at the efforts given within agencies to service the environment and the public by making changes, and implementing reforms on different issues. I found I have a passion for people, legal policies, compliances, and I am very good as a spokes person, or advocate speaking on change. During the time when I was facilitating as a General Education Development instructor forShow MoreRelatedAn Assessment Of University Of North Texas Career Center902 Words   |  4 Pagesinstitutional quality. The CAS standards influence practice in the following manner including assessing a current program, expanding existing programs, creating a mission statement and goals, justifying existing programs, training students and staff, guiding new programs, and influencing budget requests (The Handbook of Student Affairs Administration, p. 196). Career selection is just one of the many important choices that have to be considered in determining a college student’s future. These types of decisionRead MoreBusiness Administration From Boise State University1122 Words   |  5 PagesStatement of Purpose – Ph.D. in accounting with a focus on tax research After I obtained a bachelor degree in accountancy and master degree in business administration from Boise State University, I started my accounting career in 2007 in the tax department of Micron Technology, Inc., which is the largest semiconductor manufacturing company in the U.S. The most fascinating part working as a tax professional in a multinational corporation is that I am able to research complicated tax issues and provideRead MoreThe Influence of Agriculture Educator Essay examples1423 Words   |  6 PagesSchool’s agriculture education teacher, Sara Hughes, she said that an agriculture educator has to have, â€Å"At least a Bachelors Degree normally in Ag Ed, and pass the Georgia Assessment for the Certification of Educators (GACE) in the Ag Ed field† (Hughes 1). The GACE is a testing method in Georgia that has been used for several years. According to gace.ets.org, â€Å"The purpose of the GACE assessments is to assure that the knowledge and skills acquired by prospective Georgia educators are aligned withRead MoreEssay on My Educational Goals and Philosophy Statement1439 Words   |  6 PagesMy Educational Goals and Philosophy Statement The most important function of education at any level is to develop the personality of the individual and the significance of his life to himself and to others -Grayson Kirk. The teaching philosophy of progressivism focuses on developing the whole child. This philosophy not only teaches the core subject material, but it also allows the teacher to help develop the person the child is going to be. John Dewey, founderRead MoreHow to Become a Clinical Psychologist in Malaysia4550 Words   |  19 Pagesthe scientific study and application of psychology for the purpose of understanding, preventing and relieving psychologically-based distress or dysfunction and to promote subjective well-being and personal development. Its practices are centrally based on psychological assessment and psychotherapy, although clinical psychologists also engage in research, teaching, consultation, forensic testimony and program development and administration. In many countries clinical psychology is a regulated mentalRead MoreEssay Professional and Personal Goals2159 Words   |  9 PagesIntroduction For the past eleven years I have been working in the web designing and development field, specifically for colleges and universities. Beginning at Peirce College, while pursuing my undergraduate degree in information technology, and working as a work-study student on the college’s website, I was able to acquire experience and web development and design techniques that are used in a higher educational setting. After graduation from Peirce, I was employed as the web manager and eventuallyRead MoreIndira Nooyi5487 Words   |  22 PagesRaj Kishan Nooyi (management consultant) Daughters - Preetha, Tara Education School: Holy Angels School, Chennai College: * Bachelor s degree (Chemistry, Physics, Maths) from Madras Christian College, Chennai (1974). * Master s Degree in Finance and Marketing from the Indian Institute of Management in Calcutta (1976). * Master s Degree in Public and Private Management from Yale University s School of Organization and Management (1978). Board member * Federal Reserve Bank of New York Read MoreCareer Opportunities with Commerce Education5944 Words   |  24 PagesBusiness economics: This would cover concepts like the laws of demand and supply, law of returns, elasticity, theory of pricing under different market forms etc. Financial accounting: This subject would deal with the preparation of profit and loss statements, balance sheets and final accounts of a company, knowledge of Indian and international accounting standards, calculation of depreciation and valuation of shares and goodwill of a company. Cost accounting: This would include process, job and contractRead MoreJuan Osong6460 Words   |  26 PagesPhilippines  and  University of Santo Tomas, after which he worked as a lawyer for the government. He first won election in 1949 to the  House of Representatives, representing a district in his home province of  Pampanga. In 1957 he became vice president in the administration of President  Carlos P. Garcia, and in 1961 he defeated Garcias re-election bid for the presidency. As President, Macapagal worked to suppress graft and corruption and to stimulate the Philippine economy. He introduced the countrys first  landRead MoreBusiness Plan for a Night Club5490 Words   |  22 PagesPrepared By: Anthony DiGiacomo Omar Lindo Nicole Terry Rachel Buckley Chris Tribble Jeff Owens Table of Contents Topic Page # #61623; Executive Summary 4 #61623; Mission Statement 8 #61623; Description of the Venue 10 Company Summary 11 Start-up Summary 12 Business Description 15 #61623; Market Analysis 16 Market Analysis Summary 17 Market Segmentation 18 Chart 1 Ââ€" Total UCONN Enrollment

Life Is All About Making Right Decisions At Right Time

Life is all about making right decisions at right time. Sometime reaching to an ethical and just resolution or decision could create substantial emotional and mental response for the time being but it can have a long lasting fulfillment and gratitude in life life in the the long run . Every day we are faced with hundreds of decisions, large and small, that affect us and our society for better or worse. After careful consideration as a Public Health Student I think that Josephs decision of not administering of SARS vaccination is non ethical, unresonable and self centered because it s affecting health and well being of a community. If we consider the case on moral grounds with regards to right or wrong we all need to be aware of what are†¦show more content†¦According to the article Public Health Strategies and the Police Powers of the State Jorge.E.G et.al suggested about rebalance between public vs. private rights as an An individual must give up some personal freedom in e xchange for the benefits of being in a civilized society In the equal protection clause of Civil and Constitutional rights of Fourteenth amendment no one has a right to life or any due process to use another human s body or body parts against their discretion. However, injection of mandatory vaccination is not forcing a person to donate kidney or impose abortion. In order to have a functioning society its important to accept, approve and respect others rights. In order to justify why Joseph was wrong we will have to understand the basic requirement of Vaccines in todays society particularly their role and functions. and also to take into account that does the vaccines really expose us to dangerous components? What is the the probability of contracting a specific disease? The effectiveness of a vaccine. Does the risks outweigh the benefits? Does the vaccines actually prevent an epidemic before its

The Freedom of the Forest in The Scarlet Letter Essay

Every human being needs the opportunity to express how he or she truly feels, otherwise, the emotion builds up until they become volatile.nbsp; In Nathaniel Hawthornes, The Scarlet Letter, life centers on a rigid Puritan society which does not allow open self-expression, so the characters have to seek alternate means in order to relieve their personal anguishes and desires. Luckily, Hawthorne provides such a sanctuary in the form of the mysterious forest. The forest is a sanctuary because it allows the freedom to love, the freedom to express emotions, the freedom for sympathy and the freedom to be one’s self. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp; In the deep, dark portions of the forest, many of the†¦show more content†¦Why, you can hardly walk without tripping over one commandment or another. Come to me, and be masterless† (Hawthorne 186).nbsp; Truly, Hester takes advantage of this, as soon as Arthur Dimmesdale appears.nbsp; She openly talks with Dimmesdale about unmentionable subjects which seem inappropriate in any place other than the forest: â€Å"What we did...had a consecration of its own. We felt it so! We said to each other† (Hawthorne 194)!nbsp; This exclamation shocks Dimmesdale.nbsp; He tells Hester to stop and quiet down, but he eventually realizes that he is in an environment where he can express his emotions.nbsp; The thought of Hester and Dimmesdale in an intimate conversation in the confines of the society in which they live is incomprehensible.nbsp; Yet here, in the forest, they throw away all reluctance and act as themselves under the umbrella of security which exists there in the forest. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp; In Puritan society, people stress self-reliance, among many other things.nbsp; However, the people more than stress self-reliance - they assume it.nbsp; The Puritan people assume that you need only yourself and God, and therefore have no need for emotional necessity, no need to have a â€Å"shoulder to cry on.†nbsp; Once again, for people in the stations of life which Hester and Dimmesdale hold, it is unthinkable for them to comfort each other.nbsp; Yet, in theShow MoreRelatedThe Forest as a Place of Truth and Freedom in Nathaniel Hawthornes The Scarlet Letter748 Words   |  3 PagesThe forest in Nathaniel Hawthorne’s novel, The Scarlet Letter, represents an array of personas. Both rumors and scandal surround the forest, causing a biased view of this secluded location within the Puritan community. Yet, Hawthorne designates the forest as a place of truth, independence, and joy to those with secrets. Boston’s Puritan society of the mid 1600’s feared the near-bye forest. Believing that â€Å"the black man that haunts the forest† (71) and that the witches who do the devil’s work thereRead MoreSymbols In The Scarlet Letter1023 Words   |  5 PagesPeriod 4 English Language and Composition AP 06 June 2017 The Scarlet Letter Analysis In the book, â€Å"The Scarlet Letter,† by Nathaniel Hawthorne, many symbols can be found. Hawthorne uses symbols such as the scarlet letter itself, which could represent things like determination, hard work, and a punishment. Another symbol he uses is the forest and the wilderness, which represents Hester and Pearl’s freedom from society as they explore the forest. The last symbol that seemed to have significance to me wasRead MoreThe Scarlet Letter: Symbolism in the Forest Essay examples881 Words   |  4 PagesThe Scarlet Letter: Symbolism in the Forest The path strangled onward into the mystery of the primeval forest(179). This sentence displays just one of the multiple personalities that the forest symbolizes in The Scarlet Letter written by Nathaniel Hawthorn. As seen in the epic story Wizard of OZ, the forest represents a place of evil and delight, but in the Scarlet Letter the forest symbolizes much more then that. Each character brings out a different side of the forest, however the forestRead MoreThe Scarlet Letter : Wilderness Vs. Society1259 Words   |  6 Pages Wilderness vs. society In the novel Scarlet Letter, written by Nathaniel Hawthorne presenting the idea for humans to endure the laws of nature and conscience, rather than following the laws of man, to fulfill happiness. The novel consists of a young woman named Hester Prynne carrying her infant daughter named Pearl. The golden letter A embroidered on Hester’s bosom symbolizes adultery, a vile sin which is looked down upon in her community. She encountersRead MoreThe Scarlet Letter, By Nathaniel Hawthorne1172 Words   |  5 Pagesuniverse is through a forest wilderness† (Muir 313). For many modern Americans, the forest is a place of freedom, peace, and introspection. However, until the last century, the wilderness was often regarded with fear and resentment. Written long before John Muir and the conservation movement, The Scarlet Letter by Nathaniel Hawthorne was well ahead of its time for its depiction of wilderness. In The Scarlet Letter, Arthur Dimmesdale leaves the beaten path and seeks re fuge in the forest. There, he gainsRead More The Forests Symbolisim in The Scarlet Letter998 Words   |  4 PagesProsecution: The Forest in The Scarlet Letter The Scarlet Letter is a tale of constant trial and punishment. For Hester Prynne, there is no escape from the shame and belittlement she has been forced to endure within puritan society. However, like the puritans who had escaped prosecution by migrating from England to the New World, characters in The Scarlet Letter can escape the prosecution of puritan society by visiting the forest. It is a symbolic realm that embodies freedom and privacy, andRead More##bolism And Symbols In The Scarlet Letter, By Nathaniel Hawthorne1107 Words   |  5 Pagesthe Forest Hides â€Å"And into the forest I go, to lose my mind and find my soul† (John Muir). In stories places hold deep emotional meanings for the characters. These places serve to show the reader what makes the character who he or she is and what is important to him or her. In the novel The Scarlet Letter by Nathaniel Hawthorne, there are many symbols, from objects to the characters in the story. These symbols are integral to helping give the reader a deeper look into the story. The Scarlet LetterRead MoreImperfection In The Scarlet Letter, By Nathaniel Hawthorne1199 Words   |  5 Pages Imperfection in Scarlet We set our scene in a Puritan town in 1600s New England. Nathaniel Hawthorne weaves a tale of imperfection, guilt, and secret sin. In the strict town, resident Hester Prynne stands upon a scaffold with a baby and a Scarlet Letter upon her bosom, both tokens of her sin. The intricate letter â€Å"A† stands for her very sin of adultery which lead to the birth of the child in her arms. The townspeople cannot help but stare at symbol of imperfection, but they cannot stare at whatRead MoreAnalysis Of Nathaniel Hawthorne s The Scarlet Letter 1654 Words   |  7 PagesConformation Paragraphs Erika Bloes 11 / 19 / 15 Mr. Keating Block 6 Throughout, â€Å"The Scarlet Letter,† Hawthorne is able to enhance the plot by intricately incorporating symbols which represent a deeper meaning. One of which, is the infamous, and ambiguous, scarlet letter that lays upon the bosom of Hester Prynne. In the beginning of the book, the audience is immediately introduced to the scarlet letter as a symbol of shame and adultery. The narrator describes the Puritan society as very judgementalRead MoreEssay on The Settings of the Scarlet Letter977 Words   |  4 PagesSettings of Scarlet Letter The settings in The Scarlet Letter are very important in displaying the themes of the novel. The settings in this novel are almost characters, for they are an important part in developing the story. The scaffold, the forest, the prison, and Hester’s cottage are settings that show sin and its consequences result in shame and suffering. The scaffold shows how the punishment imposed on us by others may not be as destructive as the guilt we impose on ourselves. When Hester

Impact of Logistics Outsourcing Strategy in Oil and Gas Industry in Ug

Question: Discuss about the Essay on Impact of Logistics Outsourcing Strategy in Oil and Gas Industry in Uganda? Answer: Introduction Royal Dutch Shell's is a group of petrochemical organization with more than 102,000 representatives in more than 108 nations and regions. Its headquarter is arranged in The Hague, Netherland. It is one of the most diversified international investors in energy sector among all the other global integrated oil and petrochemical companies. It helps in building a manageable vitality for the future utilizing propelled advancements and imaginative methodology. Regardless of all the insecurity in the oil and gas organizations, Shell is persistently developing its exchange around the world. The aggregate winning of current expense of supplies (CCS) in 2013 was assessed at $16.7 billion and in the following year (2014) it was tracked to $19.0 billion. Brief history of Shell Shell began its advertising in the year 1886 when the interest for fuel landed with Benz and Mercedes. During that period, Marcus Samuels (Founder of SHELL) were exporting textiles and tools to newly growing Japan and as a return, they bring rice and silk to the Middle East and Europe. Toward the end of 1880's, Samuels began trading oil situated in Azerbaijan, which was a piece of Russia around then. They transported the first mass tanker of oil with high risk through the Suez Canal, and this got a transformation in oil transportation. In 1907, the two organizations (The Royal Dutch and Shell Transport) combined together and shared the procuring in the proportion 60:40. This group recently extended everywhere throughout the world. Amid the first quarter of the twentieth century, Alcock and Brown utilized the shell fuel as a part of the Atlantic flight. The fuel nature of shell was high and it has shared just about 11% of the worldwide raw petroleum (1920's). Shell encountered a great fall back in the period of Second World War. The properties were crushed; access to a few branches was lost. At that point came the reproductive period, in spite of the fact that it was massively extravagant, however the oil markets were taking an incredible stature which helped with the programming of goal-oriented development. By 1955, Shell was the proprietor of just about 130 seaward oil wells, for the most part in the Gulf. Inside of the compass of five years (1945-1950), the quantity of autos rouses to 60% in the USA which requested for all items in enormous amount. In 1960's shell began extending all inclusive and nearby individuals were presented on the top positions to work freely. Toward the end of the decade Amoco Cadiz calamity occurred. The tanker got hit on solid land, the bank of France and the oil was spilled out of the tanker. This incited a reaction from local society. This came as a gift for camouflage, as after this issue the organization raised the environmental benchmarks and later the organization was profiting from this. In 2005, the group experienced an auxiliary change as the two Goliath organization brought together in a solitary structured organization named as Royal Dutch Shell PLC. Presently at 2015, the challenge of Shell is to meet with the vital necessities of the future. They ought to discover more energy resources to keep the world's economy adjusted, as spots prefer china and India are growing at a fiery rate. Products and Services There are right around 44,000 administration station's overall which transport fuel for around 10 million fulfilled clients. The items and services are intended to address the issue of the business sector. The different items and services of Shell are as per the following:- On the road services Shell station locator Oils and lubrication Card services Loyalty card Solution for business Shell Bitumen Shell aviation Shell Chemicals Shell global solutions Shell liquefied petroleum gas Shell lubricant for business Shell commercial fuels Shell marine products Shell Trading and Shipping Shell Lubematch is a recently arranged online tool which is intended to coordinate the motor and vehicles to the good oil for business vehicles, modern and off-road segments. Outsourcing of products or services Outsourcing of any item or services means contracting with other organization to do the specific functions; each organization outsources some of its services. The organizations which are giving these services are outsider administration suppliers. The services which are outsourced are generally non-core to the business of the company. These services can be done more efficiently and cost-effectively by the specially trained professionals and specialized tools and facilities by the outsourcing companies. The Outsourcing Decision Matrix For clarification of which services is to be outsourced and which is to be kept with In-house team, decision matrix can be used. In the outsourcing decision matrix the abscissa and ordinate are taken as Contribution to Operational Performance and Strategic Importance respectively. The services with high strategic importance and high effects on performance will be retained within the In-house team. And, only the services with low strategic importance and high effects on performance will only be outsourced. Outcomes of Decision Matrix Royal Dutch Shell is building a global alliance with Gazprom that includes the asset swap. And, for potential co-operation Shell is signing a strategic alliance agreement with CNOOC (China National Offshore Oil Services). End-user computing and the Network services will be outsourced to the service providers. Business interface and strategic control will be retained by the In-house team. Effects on Operational Performance There are numerous performance objectives which will be affected by the outsourcing decision, but here are the five performance objective which will be mostly affected. Revenue- The offshoring of these administrations will double the yearly benefits of the organization (generally about US $18.6 billion). It will be standardizing so as to expel US $4 billion from altered expenses forms. And, the total winning of current cost of supplies (CCS) in 2013 was surveyed at $16.7 billion and in the next year (2014) it was followed to $19.0 billion. Control- Outsourcer inclines toward having more prominent control following, among different advantages, it makes it harder for client to end benefits and perform the administrations in-house or at a contender's office. Flexibility- Outsourcing gives adaptability to the Shell as it can change the administration suppliers without any difficulty if needed. Changing the administration suppliers if there should arise an occurrence of poor conveyance is much simpler than changing a full-time worker. Numerous outsourcing arrangements consolidate conditions for change in prerequisite or end of agreement guaranteeing adaptability. Access to diverse technologies- services providers have to concentrate on specific services and play in volume. This empowers them to stay up with the latest with the innovation needed in these services. Shell can in this way keep away from innovation out of date quality and influence the service providers entrance to different and propelled advances. Quality- Service providers have master workers alongside particular procedures and innovation that guarantee better nature of yield for the client. On the other hand, Shell needs to deliberately choose a merchant that will furnish it with the nature of administrations that it requires. Shell Outsourcing IT Services The Royal Dutch Shell is consenting to an arrangement for outsourcing its IT services with EDS (Electronic information framework), ATT, and T-Systems. EDS is an American multinational outsourcing organization (BPO) which gives administrations in oil and gas, transportation, money related and telecom divisions and so forth. This assention will be for a period of five years and will be of US $1 billion. Very nearly around 1800 full time shell managers will be influenced by this outsourcing arrangement. As indicated by the agreement, EDS will be taking care of Shell's end-client processing administrations, including on location administrations, administrative work area, desktops, portable data, informing administrations in very nearly 100 nations which embody more than 150,000 clients. The usage of the outsourcing services and a definite choice is to be taken by the Shell official council, which sets the objectives. The arrangements and the advancement will be routinely educated to the official panel. Before upholding the outsourcing of the foundation project, Shell will be detailing outsourcing arrangement - and works as follows:- Anchor- Splitting of the capacities and perceiving business needs and the key control will be practiced from administration results and activities. Activity- Increasing the responsiveness and adequacy to address swings sought after for foundation administrations. Sustainability- Accessing from the most gifted and imaginative IT organization and achieve more esteem from administration suppliers working in administrations conveyance. Monetary- It will decrease the IT administrations esteem and help in expanding the organization's income. IT services which will be outsourced (The Deliverables) Not all the IT administrations of Shell can be outsourced, as this may prompt the introduction of organization's secret information. The administrations which will be outsourced are as follows:- End-user computing- on-site support, service desk and desktops Network services management- connectivity, collaboration and telecommunication services Integration- activities such as incident management to be handled; enabling the integrated efforts of service providers Shell has selected three IT service providers for the above mentioned services. EDS (Electronic Data System) for the End-user computing ATT systems (American Telephone and Telegram) for the management of network services T-systems for operational integration In-house services Shell will be maintaining some IT services and won't be outsourced. These services will be with In-house IT employees, such that the issue can be fathomed with the in-house employees in lesser time. The different maintaining services are as follows:- Business interface demand- The group which gets to the nature of the administrations conveyed, distinguishes new necessities, oversee requests and alarm when incident impact business performance. Strategic controls- Control on arranging and innovation, oversees administration proficiency, creates methodology and arranging and speaks with the service providers for business and contractual issues. Specific service delivery (SSD) and specific project delivery (SPD) - helps to undertake group to change and give benefits that can result in confrontational favorable circumstances to Shell's products and services. It took a while for the counseling group to settle on which IT services can be outsourced and which can be kept in-house and after mind boggling hard work they have come up with this solution. Risks Involved in outsourcing IT services Outsourcing the IT infrastructure services does make good sense, however, it includes a bigger measure of dangers that could hamper the organization's benefits. The pivotal piece of any outsourcing choice is to choose which IT services to be held by the organization and which to be outsourced, so that the danger ought to be minimized. The greatest snag in outsourcing the IT administrations is the Union resistance. Amicus, a U.K based union is testing the outsourcing arrangement on account of the adjustments in the pay arranges. As indicated by the pay arrangement presented the previous summer, Shell employees who ever lost their employment as a result of position, rendering by different means would be accepting a bundle of worth 50K British pounds (more or less $100K). Other risks that are involved in outsourcing IT infrastructure are as follows:- Confidentiality- Opting for outsourcing may prompt the uncovering of the organization's private information to the outsider. Security measures will be executed to ensure organization's information, worker, frameworks and so on., passing by the way that no one can treat the organization's information with that much care as the organization's in-house will. Priority- The Company will be within the long list of organizations the service providers are taking care of with. Along these lines, the circumstance may happen where the administration supplier won't be accessible for taking care of the circumstance. In this situation, there may be risk of any loss of work. Mitigating strategies to the risk involved All the organizations' hopes to outsource some of its services, yet one thing ought to be remembered that outsourcing services could prompt the equipping of other organizations or nations to contend with the company. These dangers should be minimized. The ISG proposition Before picking the service providers, complete learning of the service providers should be known to the organization. For this reason, the ISG (Industry Specification Group) worked with Shell and shared their novel learning of the business sector and the service providers. Usage of the ISG methodology guaranteed the correct outsourcing model and constrained it to be on track. ISG and Shell have cooperated in drawing contracts for the services with the service providers. ISG and the Shell working group together guided the service providers through the assessment procedure; empowering the service providers present the demonstration and model satisfying the Shell's need. The specialized and budgetary appraisals for the service providers were given from diverse groups, in order to keep away from bias. These two outcomes were consolidated together and in view of the rating Shell's team picks the service providers for specific services. Benefits of ISG/Shell partnership The ISG and Shell association was the crucial part of the outsourcing system of Shell. Particular advantages of ISG/Shell partnership are as follows:- Knowing the aptitudes and the group size obliged, gives the required data for planning the work and the capacity to arrange. Guaranteeing Clear and Crisp correspondence of what is obliged and offered. Marketing knowledge of the ISG advisors is accessible for any coincidental incident. Conclusion The Royal Dutch Shell will be Marking Contracts With Eds, T-Systems And AtT Frameworks guaranteeing that the agreement won't just be a simple contract however will expect to make a genuine relationship. This organization may be augmented in light of the services given by the service providers and the relationship kept up with them. These projects guarantee multiplying the yearly wage of the organization. The net income can be assessed around $14.73 billion in the nearing one year. The service providers will be cooperating driven by the objective to enhance Shell's business, not simply their own primary concern. Shell alludes to the service providers as an ecosystem. With all players cooperating it flourishes, yet in the event that one or more won't play, it vacillates. References Zhou, J 2014, Impact of Logistics Outsourcing Strategy in Oil and Gas Industry in Uganda, viewed on 27 July 2015, https://www.ccsenet.org/journal/index.php/ijbm/article/viewFile/35279/20815 Brain, J 1999, Strategic-Outsourcing-Leveraging-Knowledge-Capabilities, viewed on 27 July 2015, https://sloanreview.mit.edu/article/strategic-outsourcing-leveraging-knowledge-capabilities/ Condon, R 2007, How-to-Mitigate-the-Security-Risks-of-Outsourcing, viewed on 27 July 2015, https://www.computerweekly.com/news/2240084219/How-to-mitigate-the-security-risks-of-outsourcing 2009, Rewards and Relationships: Mitigating Risk through Strategic Learning Outsourcing, viewed on 28 July 2015, https://www.acs-inc.com/wp_mitigating_risk_through_strategic_learning_outsourcing.pdf Anthony, R 2010, Make or Buy Decision, viewed on 28 July 2015, https://www.referenceforbusiness.com/management/Log-Mar/Make-or-Buy-Decisions.html 2012, it-outsourcing-4-serious-risks-and-ways-to-mitigate-them, viewed on 30 July 2015, https://deloitte.wsj.com/cio/2012/07/10/it-outsourcing-4-serious-risks-and-ways-to-mitigate-them/ McCafferty, D 2015, IT Management, viewed on 30 July 2015, https://www.baselinemag.com/it-management/ Jacobsen, T 2010, EDS-signs-global-it-outsourcing-contract-with-royal-dutch-shell, viewed on 30 July 2015, https://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/eds-signs-global-it-outsourcing-contract-with-royal-dutch-shell-57322022.html Loof, L 2010, Managing_IT_Transformation_on_a_Global_Scale_an_Interview_with_Shell, viewed on 30 July 2015, https://www.mckinsey.com/insights/business_technology/managing_it_transformation_on_a_global_scale_an_interview_with_shell_cio_alan_matula Walsh, L 2008, Shell-Profits-Rise-as-Outsourcing-Plan-Moves-Forward, viewed on 30 July 2015, https://www.baselinemag.com/c/a/IT-Management/Shell-Profits-Rise-as-Outsourcing-Plan-Moves-Forward Flinders, K 2014, Is-HP-lining-up-the-sales-of-the-shell-of-EDS, viewed on 30 July 2015, https://www.computerweekly.com/blogs/outsourcing/2014/10/is-hp-lining-up-the-sales-of-the-shell-of-eds.html Warren, H 2008, Shell-signs-$1-billion-outsourcing-deal, viewed on 31 July 2015, https://www.information-age.com/it-management/outsourcing-and-supplier-management/316911/shell-signs-$1-billion-outsourcing-deal Forbes 2015, Royal-Dutch-Shell, viewed on 31 July 2015, https://www.forbes.com/companies/royal-dutch-shell/ Schaffhauser, D 2005, what-is-outsourcing, viewed on 1 August 2015, https://www.sourcingmag.com/what-is-outsourcing/ Noria 2007, Shell-launches-product-plus-service-portfolio-in-India, viewed on August 2015, https://www.machinerylubrication.com/Read/1959/shell-launches-product-plus-service-portfolio-in-india

Old Mrs Chundle And Darkness Out There Essays - Sandra,

Old Mrs Chundle And Darkness Out There The two short stories "The Darkness Out There" and "Old Mrs Chundle" both deal with similar relationships, whilst at the same time having many differences. The most pronounced similarity of the two stories is that both deal with younger people's relationships with an older person. Another marked theme is that Hardy's story concerns itself with the curate's deception (unconsciously) of Mrs Chundle, while in the Lively one it's the younger people who are deceived by appearances. Kerry Stevens and Sandra in "The Darkness Out There" (from Sandra's point of view) have an interesting relationship, which develops throughout the story; at the beginning, Kerry is seen to be quite immature and is looked down upon by Sandra: "Kerry Stevens that none of...(Sandra's) lot reckoned much on ... some people you only have to look at to know they're not up to much." This is quite a harsh view from Sandra, taking into consideration the fact that she doesn't really know him. Sandra believes that she is much more mature than Kerry, "she considered him, over a chasm, Mum said boys matured later, in many ways," and this shows how ironic Penelope Lively is being concerning the relationship. For, throughout the story, it's Kerry who acts more maturely than Sandra. He offered her some chocolate when she'd been yelling at him for jumping out of the bush as she's walking to Mrs Rutter's, and he's the first to realise the old lady is not all she appears to be (" "I don't go much on her." ") Sandra bases her opinions a lot on appearances, and this is why at first she sees nothing out of the ordinary with Mrs Rutter. This is also the way she is with Kerry; while all the time we are led by Sandra to believe that she's the adult one (although all the time the reader knows this isn't true) this illusion is in fact shattered at the ending, when we see Kerry (from Sandra's point of view) in a different light. "Are people who help other people not always very nice looking?" This shows how shallow Sandra is, with her immature dreams and fantasies ("One day she'd have a place in the country... a little white house peeping over a hill.") Lively, while all the time telling the reader ironically that Sandra is the more adult, nevertheless through her writing shows the reader the true scale of things (that Kerry is much more mature than Sandra all along). Lively, by reporting the way Kerry acts and speaks in the eyes of Sandra, shows how false the circumstances are regarding the youngster's relationship and the way the girl perceives it. This is similar to in "Old Mrs Chundle," the way relationships are sometimes misinterpreted by those involved with it. Sandra sees the relationship as her being superior to him at the start, while all along it's Kerry who has the guts to face up to the stark reality of Mrs Rutter's hidden past. The relationship between Mrs Chundle and the curate in Hardy's story is a misunderstood and uneven one too; Mrs Chundle, after befriending the curate while he was out painting (a past-time she could never do due to her social class and financial circumstances), believes she's found a"real friend" in the younger man; whereas the curate views Mrs Chundle, rather coldly, as a charity case. For example, when the curate goes to the rector to ask about the old woman he'd just received dinner from he refers to her as "a curious old soul", which is a rather emotionally detached way of speaking about her, almost as if she's some sort of foreign being! Another point why I feel the curate to be so apathetic is the way he's so quick to judge Mrs Chundle after hearing from his rector that she told him a small lie about going to church. Only after a few seconds of conversation, the curate passes judgement when he doesn't know the full story; that she wants to save herself the embarrassment of not hearing a word at church due to her deafness. This is an insight into how the curate's mind works. We must judge the Hardy characters more by the way they act and speak rather than into any past flashbacks or mental workings revealed to the reader like in "The Darkness Out There." This is because there are less insights into what the characters are thinking in "Old Mrs Chundle" ? we must rely upon